388 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 



of very fine sand, with a large quantity of cement. One of the simplest 

 types of shell structure, consisting only of a hemispherical chamber 

 opening into a tube, which may grow indefinitely. 



11. Ammodiscus incertus, from North Atlantic, off Spain, 1000 

 fathoms. Distribution world-wide, from the shore line to 3125 fathoms. 

 It ranges back at least as far as the Carboniferous period. In the 

 specimens sliown the test was composed almost entirely of cement, no 

 sand-grains being visible. One of the simplest types of shell structure 

 — a simple tube without internal divisions, and coiled in a plane. 



12. Reophax scorpmrus. Timor, near Java, 50 fathoms, from coral 

 mud ; North Sea, various depths, from sandy mud ; North Atlantic, 

 1525 fathoms, from Glohigerina ooze. The material on the spot is 

 generally used for the construction of the shells of arenaceous Forami- 

 nifera. The external appearance of the same species may therefore 

 vary greatly according to the nature of their suiToundings. No sand 

 being procurable, the specimens from the North Atlantic have used 

 other Foraminifera. Those from shallow water in the North Sea have 

 used sand-grains of various sizes. Garnets were collected by one 

 specimen. 



1:5. MarsipeUa elonr/ata, from North Atlantic, 664 fathoms, and 

 31. cijUndrka, from North Sea, 361 metres. Tests built of sponge- 

 spicules mixed with sand-grains ; in one specimen the spicules are 

 arranged with a spiral twist. 



14. TechiiitcUa melo. The largest specimen is from the Caribljean 

 Sea, 3H2 fathoms ; three small tests from Timor Sea, Java, 50 fathoms ; 

 the specimen with tripod spines at the base, from Cebu, Philippine 

 Islands, 120 fathoms. The three spines may be intended to keep the 

 test with the aperture uppermost in the soft mud. A very high degree 

 of selective power shown in the collection and arrangement of material 

 for the test, which is a hollow flask with terminal aperture, built up of 

 sponge-spicnles neatly cemented together. 



15. Teckniiella melo, fi-om the North Sea, 361 metres. The test is 

 not of the usual shape (an oval flask), but a short cylinder, and the 

 animal has shown great ingenuity in closing up the two ends of the 

 cylinder. The usual aperture is not present. 



16. New and undescribed foram, from Cebu, Philippine Islands, 

 120 fathoms. Selective power exhibited in the building up of the test 

 of sponge-spicules, which are arranged in regular rovvs with cement 

 between. 



17. Fragments of unknown organism (possibly an undescribed foram) 

 from the North Atlantic, 664 fathoms. The entire shell is proliably 

 a tube in shape. Selective power in a marked degree. Shell built of 

 broken sponge-spicules, which are cemented together somewhat in the 

 manner known in architecture as " Flemish bond," so as to give strength 

 to the shell. 



18. Carterina spiculotesta. Large specimen from Timor Sea, Java, 

 50 fathoms. Small specimen from shore sand, Palermo, Sicily*. Very 

 rare, but widely distributed in warm seas. Specimens are generally 

 found adherent to coral or shells, not growing free as in specimens 

 exhibited. The shell is built up of small calcareous fusiform spicules, 

 secreted by the animal itself. The spicules are joined together with 



