76 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



organ in the ripe proglottid, and defines the genera Sphyronchotsenia, 

 Otiditsenia, Chapmania, and LUogenes. In the first there are ten to 

 twelve rows of hooks on the rostellum ; in tlie others there are two rows. 

 We note the definition of Chapmania : — Huckei's armed ; genital pores 

 alternate ; longitudinal muscles thick ; dorsal water-vascular vessel 

 absent in posterior proglottid ; testes numerous, posterior ; uterus divided 

 into chambers, which in the mature uterus conmiunicate to form a net- 

 work, larger than the paraterine organs ; the eggs are transferred early 

 to the paraterine organ ; cirrus-sac large. 



Fish Trematodes of North Queensland.* — "W. Xicoll describes a 

 number of new Trematodes from North Queensland fishes. Trematodes 

 were found only in 21 p.c. of the fishes examined, but more than half 

 of the species described represent new generic types diifering considerably 

 from those occurring tn other parts of the world. The new genera 

 are : — llacuUfer, with affinity with AUocreadiidae ; Coitoca'cum, with 

 resemblance to AUocreadiidae, but diifering in the absence of cirrus- 

 pouch and the condition of the intestinal diverticula ; Aephnidiogenes ; 

 Xenopera, in some ways like a Hemiurid ; Opistholehes ; and Gyliauchen, 

 one of the Paramphistomidte. 



Trematodes of British Marine Fishes. f — W. Nicoll has done a 

 useful piece of work in compiling a list of the Trematodes found in 

 British Marine Fishes. Many of the records are due to his own in- 

 vestigations. The list includes no fewer than 241 parasites in 86 hosts. 

 The whiting stands pre-eminent for the number of its parasites, but 

 this is partly because it has been examined so often. The grey gurnard 

 and the red gurnard, the common dab, the plaice, and the long rough 

 dab are much infected. There are gaps in the records for angler, bull- 

 head, turbot, smelt, and rockling. 



Life-history of Bilharzia.J — R. T. Leiper reports on his mission to 

 Egypt to investigate Bilharziosis. The lesions are mainly due to the 

 damage caused by the hard-shelled eggs of the parasite acting as foreign 

 bodies in the tissues. The theory of Looss (181)4) that the disease is 

 communicable directly from man to man has influenced the research of 

 the last twenty years. 



The absence of a definite pharnyx in the cercaria is the one reliable 

 character by which a Bilharzia cercaria can be distinguished from the 

 cercariffi of other Distomes. Large numbers of snails collected from 

 the Marg Canal, near Cairo, were found to be infected with larval forms 

 showing this feature of the Bilharzia {Schisiosomum) group. The cercarije 

 were found in four different species — Flanorhis niareoticus, P. hoissyi, 

 Melania tuherculata, and BuUinus contortus. Ttime white rats and 

 variegaied mice, the Egyptian desert rat, guinea-pigs, and Mangaby 

 monkeys were successfully infected with cercarise derived from the water- 

 snails. Experiments with monkeys showed the probable correctness of 



* Parasitology, viii. (1915) pp. 22-40 (2 pis.). 



t Parasitology, vii. (1915) pp. 339-78. 



X Journ. E.A.M.C, xxv. (1915) pp. 1-55 (22 figs.). 



