ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 107 



spraying of the bunches of grapes was neglected at the right time, with 

 the above disastrous results. 



F. L. Stevens * has described three fungi that cause damage to 

 strawberries. Strawberry fruit-rot, due to Patellinse sp. n., is first seen as 

 a minute spot on either green oi- ripe berries ; on the latter it increases 

 with great rapidity, the surface becomes studded with the sporodochia 

 of the fungus, and the whole berry may become involved in about 

 four days. 



Strawberry fruit-rot due to Sphaeronemella sp. n. grows frequently 

 along with the previous fungus. It forms pycnidia all over the surface 

 of the berry, and they are of such a gelatinous texture that the fungus 

 can be detected by feeling the berry. These two fungi have been found 

 repeatedly on market berries. 



Strawl;)erry black-rot is due to Sphseropsis mnlorum. The fungus 

 causes a blackening and eventual shrivellinij of the berries. It is not 

 nearly so prevalent as the two first described. 



A. C. Forbes t records the appearance of Peridermium strobi in 

 Ireland on Weymouth Pine {Fini/s Strobits). The affected trees were 

 only about six years old, and the disease had evidently been introduced 

 from the nursery where they were obtained. 



J. R. Webb+ found an undescribed fungus, Herpotrichia quinque- 

 septata sp. n., on diseased leaves and twigs of Pirea Engelmanni from 

 Idaho. 



Eugenia Rangel§ has described a series of fungi parasitic on the 

 leaves of pigeon-peas {Cajanus indicus) in Brazil. On the under-surface 

 he found a new genus which he calls Velosiella, provisionally placed in 

 the Stilbaceffi. The mycelium does not spread far from the point of 

 infection, but numerous attacks seriously affect the leaves. 



He found also Gerospora instabilis sp. n., and in addition Golleto- 

 trichum Gajani sp. n., Phillosticta Gajani sp.n., and Phorna Gajani sp. n., 

 the latter on dried fruits. 



Diseases of Brassica Napus var. rapifera. j] — J. Eriksson describes two 

 types of injurious organism that attack cabbage-turnips. His attention 

 was first drawn to several misshapen roots with hollows in them which 

 sometimes penetrated deeply into the flesh of the turnip. Occasionally 

 he found a great development of Fusarium Brassicse, or in other parts 

 he detected the presence of bacteriosis due to Pseudomonas campestris. 

 It seemed impossible to decide which of these two was the original cause 

 of the' trouble. Eriksson gives an account of Fasarium attacks, and 

 concludes that the disease was furthered by the damp state of the ground, 

 as other roots in the vicinity, but under more favourable conditions, 

 were healthy. 



* Science, n.s. xli. (1915) pp. 912-13. See also Bull. Agric. Intell. Rome, vi. 

 (1915) pp. 1260-1. 



t Quart. Journ. Forestry, ix. (1915) pp. 250-1. See also Bull. Agric. Intell. 

 Rome, V. (1915) p. 1262. 



X Journ. Agric. Research, iv. No. 3 (1915) pp. 251-3 (1 pL). 



§ Boll. Agric. Sao Paulo, ser. 16, No. 2 (1915) pp. 145-561 (3 pis.). See also 

 BuU. Agric. Intell. Rome, vi. (1915) pp. 1120-1. 



II Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., xxv. (1915) pp. 65-71 (5 figs.). 



