ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 291 



pole-disk distinct from the nucleus) in the oocyte stage as there is in the 

 three forms previously discussed and in some others. The nucleus is in 

 the posterior part of the ovum, not anteriorly as in the previously 

 discussed species. There is only one polar globule formed, and the 

 development is parthenogenetic. 



In Anaphoidea lima, the egg of which is laid in the egg of Phyto- 

 nomus variabilis, there is no oosome. Polar globules are formed in 

 the same way in both parthenogenetic and fertilized ova. The future 

 germinal cells do not seem to be distinct at the end of the blastoderm 

 stage. 



Vesicles in Integument of Ants.* — Adele M. Fielde refers to her 

 experiments, which went to show that the habitual activities of ants are 

 guided mainly by diverse odours, produced by the ants themselves, 

 and discerned by the " sub-noses " of the olfactory organs, the funicles 

 of the antennse. These odours are the odour of the domicile or nest, 

 which is discerned through the air by the distal segment of theantennse ; 

 the colony odour, which is discerned through contact of the antennas 

 with the body of the ant examined ; the individual track scent, which 

 is discerned through the tenth segment of the antenme and through 

 the air ; the odour of the queen and of the undeveloped young, which 

 is discerned by the eighth and ninth segments ; and the odour of ants 

 of alien species, w^hich is discerned by the sixth and seventh segments. 

 The ant mainly used was Stenamma fulvum piceum, which has twelve 

 segments. It is certain that the segments proximal to the sixth do 

 not discern the odours appreciated by the seven at the distal end. Miss 

 Fielde suggests that the vesicles found in groups or scattered over the 

 integument of ants (pits communicating with the exterior by means of a 

 pore) may be producers of the odours. Mclndoo's conclusion that the 

 antennai are not the organs of smell is regarded as unwarranted. 



Genital Armature of Male Ant.f — H. St. J. Donisthorpe has made 

 a chart showing the variety of terms applied by Hymenopterists to the 

 complex genital armature of the male ants, and explains his own 

 terminology. The annular lamina is the basal ring which lies in front 

 of the other appendages, and is situated under the ninth dorsal segment. 

 The external paramera include stipites, squamulse, volsellse and lacinias. 

 The internal paramera include sagittte and spatha. The three pairs 

 of appendages which make up the external and internal paramera enclose 

 each other. Besides these there is a subgenital lamina, which is the 

 ninth ventral segment of the abdomen. Finally, in some genera, there 

 is a pair of hairy appendages, the penicilli, attached to the tenth dorsal 

 segment. The author promises further details in a forthcoming book 

 on British ants. 



Experimental Society of Amazon Ants.J — C Emery succeeded in 

 1908 and IIJU'J in starting two experimental societies of Polijergus 



* Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ixvii. (1915) pp. 36-40 (1 fig.). 



t Proc. Entomol. Soc. London, 1915, pp. 1-liii. 



X Rev. Suisse Zool., xxiii. (1915) pp. 385-400 (2 figs.). 



