ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, JIICROSCOPY, ETC. 4(59 



mangold, spinach, henbane, deadly nightshade, and other plants. The 

 female insect deposits her eggs on the underside of the leaf, generally 

 in neat parallel rows. On hatching, the maggots mine the leaf, 

 devouring the soft parenchymatous tissue between the upper and lower 

 epidermis. There are at least three broods of the insect in the year, 

 the average time for the life-cycle of one brood being about thirty-six 

 days. During the cold months there is hibernation in the pupal stage 

 at about two inches below the surface of the soil. 



Hymenopterous Parasites.*— J. T. Wadsworth reared from the 

 pupffi of the cabbage-root fly, GhortophUa brasskse, the following 

 Hymenopterous parasites : PhygadPMon fumator Grav., Atractodes tene- 

 bricosus G-rav. {vestalis Hal.), Cothonaspis {Eucoila) rapse Westw. From 

 the pupte of the celery-fly, Acidia heradei, he reared HemiteUs crassi- 

 cornis G-rav. ( = ? subzonatus Grav.) and Adelura apii Curlis. 



Anoplura and Mallophaga from Zoolog'ical Gardens.! — Bruce F. 

 Cummings reports on a collection of these ectoparasites from mammals 

 and birds that have died in the Zoological Society's Gardens in London. 

 The collection includes a new species : Linognathus pithodes of 

 Anoplura, and two new species of Mallophaga, Trichodectes hemitragi 

 and T. harrisoni. Many figures are given of the male copulatory 

 apparatus and other distinctive features. 



5. Arachnida. 



Minute Structure of Sea-spider's Leg-muscle.| — H. E. Jordan 

 has studied this in Anoplodactylus lentris. Id is typical Arthropod 

 muscle, whereas that of Limulus is nearer the Vertebrate type. The 

 chief points of difference concern the visible presence of the N disk 

 and the M line, and the wilder and more conspicuous character of the 

 Q and J disks in Arthropod as compared with Vertebrate voluntary 

 striped muscle. The sea-spider's leg-muscle is very highly differentiated 

 (as is shown in detail), but the movements are not rapid. There is clear 

 myofibril-tendofibril continuity. 



Ant-like Spiders. § — Karm Narayan describes the antdike spiders 

 •of the family Attida3 in the Indian Museum collection. They include 

 six new species of Myrmarachne and one of Harmochirus. 



Phagocyte Organs of Scorpion. || — E. Pawlowsky describes in 

 Scorpio maurus the lymphatic gland on the nerve-chain of the pra3- 

 abdomen, and two lymphoid organs which open on the sides of the 

 lymphatic gland in the diaphragm which separates the cephalothorax 



* Ann. Applied Biol., ii. (1915) pp. 158-61. 

 t Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1916, pp. 253-95 (24 figs.). 

 X Anat. Record, x. (1916) pp. 493-508 (7 figs.). 

 § Records Indian Museum, xi. (1915) pp. 393-406 (1 pL). 

 I! C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, Ixxviii. (1915) pp. 746-50. 



Oct. 18th, 1916 2 K 



