ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 489 



its thick membrane also consists of two unequal shells ; (c) probably 

 swarmspores exist in Halosphsera. Many burst HaJosphaera ceils were 

 found from which a bubble was issuing, and in which were many 

 (twenty-eight and more) small protoplasts. It was possible to deter- 

 mine the method of their formation. After a series of successive 

 nuclear divisions the nuclei wandered into the peripheral protoplasm of 

 the cell, thus making numerous splits in the protoplasm, until finally 

 every nucleus was surrounded by a portion of protoplasm. This is 

 similar to the formation of swarmspores in many algee. These small 

 protoplasts represent the swarmspores of Halospluera, for nearly all of 

 them possessed two fine unequal cilia. Sometimes only one cilium was 

 to be seen. Whether the other was not present or simply not visible 

 the author cannot say. These swarmspores possessed mostly two, but 

 sometimes one or several, of the small Halosphsera cliromatophores ; the 

 author believes he detected a red eye-spot. It is probable that the 

 swarmspores are very metaboHc or amoeboid. Differences in form 

 occurred which could not be attributed to methods of fixing. The 

 author considers that the swarmspores described and figured by Schmitz 

 do not belong to Halosphsera. 



On the strength of morphological peculiarities the author excludes 

 Halosphsera from Chlorophyceae and places it with Heterokontfe. 

 Furtlier, he establishes a relationship between it and Bot7-ydio])sis Borzi, 

 going so far as to suggest that they are generically the same, and that 

 Botrydiopsis should be sunk into Halosphsera. The connexion between 

 Eremosphsera and Halosphsera is quite false. A synopsis of Hetero- 

 coccales is given. 



In an addendum the author describes an alga, Monodus amicimei, 

 found with Halosphsera. 



Microspora.* — K.Meyer writes on the genus Microspora. The 

 species can be divided into two distinct groups. 1. The first, which 

 includes M. ammna and M.floccosa, has a barred chromatophore and has 

 lost the power of producing zoospores with four cilia. Under 

 unfavourable conditions akinetes may be developed which represent the 

 resting stage. 2. The second group, represented by M. Willeana, has 

 a chromatophore of roundish disk-shape connected in strings like a 

 rosary. Zoospores with four cilia occur. Microspora Thur. and 

 Microspora (Thur.) Lagerheim are not synonymous. The author 

 followed the entire life-cycle of M. ammna on material from the 

 neighbourhood of Moscow during several years, and describes it. 



Relation of Schizogonium to Prasiola.t — F. Brand has made a 

 thorough study of Schizogoaium and Prasiola. As a result he gives a 

 new and amplified diagnosis of P. crispa (Lightf .) Wille, with synonyms : 

 viz. Schizogotmim (Kiitz.) Gay ; P. crispa (Lightf.) Menegh. incl. 

 Schizogoniiim and Hormidium Kiitz. ex p. He distinguishes six forms, 



* Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., xxxi. .(1913) pp. 441-8 (1 pi.). See also Bot. 

 Centralbl., cxxxii. (1916) p. 30. 



t Hedwigia, liv. (1914) pp. 295-310 (1 fig.). See also Bot. Centralbl. cxxxii, 

 (1916) p. 29. 



