COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA . 49 



oeihiinlv more than one bolunging to the Fig tumily ; E. core will 

 eat iiKiny things belonging to all three families. 



DESCRIPTIOX OF SPECIES OF DANAIN^E. 



I. Danais piexippus, -Z- — Male and female alike. The iqyiwside oi both 

 whv's is tawny, the veins bordered black ; the apical half of forewing, costal 

 and inner margins also black ; three white spots beyond the cell, a white band 

 across the apex divided by black veins, then a double row of white spots. 

 Hmdwing with no white except the double row of spots on a black marginal 

 border. Underside similar but paler. Antennae black ; head and thorax 

 bhick. spotted white ; abdomen dusky tawny marked with white beneath. The 

 male has a pouch on the underside of hindwing near vein 2 probably connected 

 with the emission of scent. Exp. 72 — 100mm. 



This was once known as D. genutia, Cramer. Some specimens from dry 

 regions show a tendency to replace the tawny part of hindwing by white thus 

 approaching the next species. 



Larva. — The sh.ape is cylindrical with the last segment perpendicular to 

 longitudinal axis of body, the second segment slightly narrower than head, and 

 with three pairs of tentacles, one to each of the segments i5, G and 12, all sub- 

 dorsal, the first pair about 6'25mm. long and moveable, the others shorter and 

 fixed. The head is squarely round, quite smooth and shiny and is black in 

 coloitr with white marginal band, another inside this and parallel to it, a white 

 clypeus and labrum. The colour of the body is velvety black marked with 

 bluish-white and yellow spots and lines of the former colour as follows : — the 

 belly is unmarked, divided from the dorsal half by a broad yellow band partly 

 including the black spiracles ; the part of the body above this has, on each 

 segment, two central subdorsal yellow spots, one on each side of dorsal line 

 three bluish-white spots in front of them along front margin of segment, one 

 dorsal, one on each side subdoisal, and three parallel short bluish-white lines 

 behind each yellow spot, all parallel to hinder margin of segment, the first one 

 shortest, the hindermost longest ; exceptions to this arrangement being 

 segment 2, where there are only two white spots, and segment 12 where there 

 are only two lines instead of three and these are continuous over the back. 

 The tentacles are placed under the yellow spots, are black in their top halves 

 with red bases. L, 37mm. : B. 7mm. ; H. 6mm. ; L. of tentacles of 3rd 

 segment : 6"25mm. 



Pupa. — Hemispherical in the posterior half where, slightly on the ventral 

 side of the pole, is placed the stout, somewhat flattened, shinj' black cremaster 

 with ventral and dorsal extensor ridges and tuft of suspensory hooklets at 

 extremity ; in the ventral part the hemisphere is somewhat depressed, 

 passing evenly into the surface of the wings. The base of the hemisphere at 

 centre of segment 7 is dorsally ridged from wing to wing with a line of small 

 black beads or knobs on a silver band and from this ridge forward the pupa 

 decreases in diameter, being all but circular in transverse section in this part, 

 7 



