820 JOURNA L, BOMB A Y NA TORAL HISTORY SOCIETY, VoJ. XIX. 



Crotalaria retvsa with its huge spikes of yellow flowers, the wild 

 Sweet pea, and Thnnhergia fragrans form a promiment feature. Here, 

 as in many places of India, La}itana camara (with the local name 

 "Blackberry") found its way into the jungle, is propagating with 

 o-reat rapidity, and has spread in many spots to the exclusion of all 

 other plants. The entrance to the big cave is almost covered with 

 the luxuriously developed Giant Sting-Nettle {Girardinia zeylanica), 

 Solanum nigrum, and the Sting-Nettle Creeper (Tragia involucrata). 

 On the wet floor of the cave itself we find the delicate Lecanthvs 

 loightii and the rare Begonia crenata. 



The third region (cf. No. 3 of Map A) is situated al the height of 

 the village. It forms a broad belt round the second region, in 

 some places horizontal, in others slightly inclined and undulating. 

 Towards west it is considerably prolonged. A glance at the map 

 will show the boundaries of this region much better than an incom- 

 plete description. It is partly cultivated, partly covered with high 

 grass. This latter part is continued on the side near the cemetry 

 deep down into the valley, but with continually changing species 

 of grasses and herbs. The field-crops are chiefly Nachni, Sava, Vari, 

 Wheat, and Powta (bean) ; Sugar cane is also grown in places which 

 enjoy a plentiful supply of water ; English vegetables are grown 

 where a large quantily of water is available. The place was once 

 renowned for its Potatoes, but of late, owing to bad seed and 

 constant use of the same soil without allowing it to remain fallow for 

 a couple of years, the crop has very much deteriorated. Mulberries 

 are most prolific ; Peaches and CoiFee grow in abundance and are of 

 fairly good quality. I have been told by Mr. Quinn that almost all 

 the trees, shrubs, and flowers, that have been introduced, are doing- 

 very well. 



The last region (cf. No. 4 of Map A) which is richest in species, is 

 the slope on the north-western side of the hill. It is well protected 

 and, seemingly, better provided with water than the rest. Where 

 the slope is not too steep and too bare of soil, there is a dense jungle 

 with a luxurious undergrowth. To this region we must count some 

 patches of arboreous vegetation along a few water-courses on the 

 southern side of the hill, i.e., below the cemetery and the Dalkeith 

 Spring. In the latter place there are fine specimens of the Willow 

 Salix tetrasperfna). It would take too long to enumerate all the 



