COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA. 4.15 



also in Lower Bengal, ('entral India : Assam to Tenassoriin ami into 

 the Malayan Sub-region. 



30. Elymnias caudata, ButUr. — Male find female resemble E. undularis, 

 but both sexes have the wings longer, proportionately to their breadth and 

 the tail at apex of vein 4 of the hindwing longer. Upperside : male differs 

 from E. undularis as follows : — The subterminal and preapical spots on the 

 forewing white suffused slightly with dark scales ; the terminal half of the 

 hindwing tawny, more or less suffused with dusky black, which in some 

 specimens forms a distinct border along termen. Female similar to the 

 female of E. widnlaris, but the black more extended ; veins 2, 3 and 4 on 

 the hindwing In-oadly bordered with black. Undermle ■ male differs from 

 E. nndularis in the more conspicuous broad white preapical triangular patch 

 on the forew'ing and in the prominence of the broad tawny terminal half of 

 the upperside of the hindwing which shows through a pale sometimes pinkisb- 

 brown, on the underside. Antennfe, head, thorax and abdomen brown, paler 

 beneath and much paler in the female than in the male. Exp. 86-88 mm. 



Larva (PL I., tig.-2). — Body spindle-shaped with a large squarish head and two 

 quarter-inch long conical sharp processes or points on anal segment, directed 

 straight backwards, slightly diverging and squarely separated at bases. The head 

 is a good deal broader and higher than segment 2 and each lobe is surmounted by 

 a blunt, cyhndrical horn or process in the same plane as face, as long as the face 

 is high, the pair separated squarely and widely at bases, slightly diverging and 

 the extremitj- of each bears three sharp spines with another immediately 

 below ; between the horns, on vertex of head, are two short spines and five 

 more in a row down each cheek ; surface of the head is rugose being covered 

 with small flat tubercles ; the colour is dark chocolate with a broad central 

 band down centre of face white, and a narrower one on each side of cheek also 

 white ; the central white band is crossed by two white lines diagonally, having 

 their extremities near vertex and at base of face. The surface of the body as 

 well as the tail-points are covered with small tubercles each bearing a short hair 

 which has often a liquid globule at its tip. Colour of body is a very light 

 bright emerald-green with a subdorsal line king's yellow and a lateral band of 

 the same colour made up of triangles, one to each segment, the apex of the 

 hinder triangle applied to the base of the preceding one, each triangle centred 

 with red and sometimes bordered black above ; a submarginal and marginal 

 line of the same colour ; there may be a lateral row of dark-green dots near 

 hinder margin of each segment ; they are generally obsolescent, especially on 

 the hinder abdominal segments ; anal points are reddish-yellow on top and 

 black beneath. L. 5.5mm.: B, Gram.: L. of tail-points omm.: of homa nearlj' 

 3mm. 



Pupa. (PI. I. Fig. 2a). — The shape recalls the pupa of Lethe drupetis. Head 

 quadrate with two conical, round-topped, divergent, widely separated points 

 directed straight out in front. Segment 2 is convex, keeled along the dorsal 

 line. The thorax js convex, carinated in dorsal line, very high at apex. 



