COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA . 473 



nallas or on tho outskirts of evergreen jungles, in fact in any oool, 

 fairly moist place. Hero the butterflies are also to be found ar 

 sunset and for some time after flying up and down the bamboo 

 glades as already mentioned onoo or twice before. The species is 

 confined to South India and Ceylon. 



33. Discophora tuilia, Cramer. — Male : upper»ide dark-brown. Forewing 

 with transverse discal. postdiscal and subtcrminal spots, the latte'r two series 

 closely approximate. Hindwing uniform except for tlic prominence of the 

 black sex-mark and faint indications of a subterminal series of spots. Underside 

 dull ochraceous brown, the basal half of the wing darker, defined outwardly by 

 a still darker but obscure transverse band ending in a lilacine diffuse small 

 patch on the tornus of hindwing : both fore and hindwing UTorated somewhat 

 sparsely with short transverse brown stria; and obscurely tinted with lilac ; two 

 ill-defined ocelli on the hindwing as in D. celinde. Antenna ochreous ; head 

 thorax and abdomen brown, paler beneath. Female : upperside purplish -brown. 

 Forewing with three transverse series of white spots, the inner or discal series 

 continued to the costa by two large elongate obliquely-placed white spots. 

 Hindwing also with three triinsverse rows of somewhat obscure spots, but 

 nchraceous in colour. Underside similar to that in the male, but pale. Exp. 

 'JU- 102mm. 



Larva. — On bamboo, living during the day in three or four leaves spun to- 

 gether .... full-fed larva 2 inches long, colour black mottled with gi'ey; 

 a rather broad yellowish dorsal line ; the junction of the segments marked 

 by a thin, irregular yellow line and red spot ; body covered with while hairs: 

 head and anal end black ; the former marked with perpendicular yellow lines. 



Pw^a.—Pupa white, suspended by the tail ; the labial palpi prominently pro- 

 jected : changed to dark-brown a few hours before emergence. The 

 perfect insect remains three weeks in the pupa. 



This description of the caterpillar and chrysalis was written by Manders and 

 has been taken from Col, Bingham's book. 



Habits. — The insect is found in Kauara in South India, in 

 Bengal, in Sikhim, Bhutan, through Assam, Burma and Tenas- 

 >erim to the Malay Peninsula and was described originally from 

 (!hina. Three species have been made out of the one at different 

 rimes owing to its variability. The larva of the variety IJ. indica, 

 Staudinger, bred in Kanara was similar in shape to that of D. 

 lej)ida. Head semi-elliptical as seen from in front ; clypeus 

 black with central white line : bordered all round yellowish ; a 

 narrow yellow line from over vertex of head down the middle ; 

 eyes black ; a bunch of long porrect hairs on top of each lobe of 

 head, thin, light, not hiding sm-face in any way; similar porrect 



