COMMON BUTTERFL I E6 OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA . GG5- 



anterior margin of segment, the apex of tlic curve being 4 tlio breadth of 

 segment from its hinder margin ; the mark gradually becomes white towards 

 the points which are suffused with pink and set with tubercles which are 

 irroratod with red and blue like opals : the mark is bordered narrowly with 

 black. The anal se^ient is stil! more like a fish's tail than in the last sta^e 

 though the points are equallj' short and blunt and stoiit. Segment 2 is black- 

 brown on front margin, then black, then green like the rest of the body : 

 there is a white, raised, linear collar at front margin of segment 3 separated 

 in dorsal line by a streak of body-colour and reaching -^ of the way down each 

 side of the segment. The larva is like that of Ch.imna except that the horns 

 are somewhat thicker, darker in colour, the cheek spines are stronger, the 

 span of the horns greater. L : 7<)mm. : B : 10mm. 



Pupa {v/oe PI. I., Fig. ia.) — The shape is identical with that of Ch. imna, the 

 colour also, but the spiracles are broMMi-rcd and there is some similar colour on 

 the underside of head. L : 21mm. ; B : l2mm. ; or larger in the same propor- 

 tion, the females being the larger: some larvse ai*e very nearly 90mm. in 

 length. 



Habits. — One to four eggs of the type of those of CIi. hn)i.a are laid 

 on the top of a leaflet, always singly and generally only one, in. thick 

 jungly places where the bush is either entirely open to the sun or 

 under the checkered shade of high trees, and very often quite low 

 down near the oround. The lar^a when fairlv well grown makes a 

 nest composed of a web-carpeted bed with a few leaves drawn over as 

 a roof and generally in a thick bunch of leaves whence it sallies forth 

 every evening to feed on the leaves of branches some distance from 

 the resting place. After each moult the larva eats its cast skin in 

 the usual wa}-. Jnst before casting the skin, the new head appears as 

 a light brown piece, in the place of segment 2, with 2 subdorsal brown 

 pink stripes under the skin, quite smooth and without anything to 

 indicate the position of the horns : the old head gradually gets pushed 

 to the point of this piece in front, the stripes become by degrees pinker 

 and pinker in colour, the larva begins to inflate the front part of the 

 body slightly at h^ngish intervals : then the pink stri[)es swell ever 

 so slightly, especially the side ones, the new head-margin commences 

 to apjiear as a brown band dorsally : then, suddeidy, with a heave 

 and a sudden jork or two, the skin parts in the dorsal line and the 

 whole new head bursts through the aperture quickly, the skin being 

 pulled back by wave- like motions of the ]arv:'.l body from in front 

 backwards. On first emergence the head is a light brown squarish 

 piece with a deep furrow down centre with each lateral horn lyino- 



