COMMON BUTTERFLIES OF THE PLAINS OF INDIA. C67 



The food-plant of the larva is Wagatea spicata, Dalz. or Rourea santa- 

 loidea, E. & A., that belonging to Letjuminosece, this to Cormeraceoi, 

 both extensive climbers, the former thorny with glabrous, shiny 

 leaflets and long spikes of scarlet and yellow flowers, common through- 

 out the Bombay Presidency in forest country. 



The genus Cliara.ves is PaUearctic, African, Indian and Australian ; 

 EuUpis is Indo-Malayan only ; there are about a dozen and a half 

 species in British India, Ceylou and Burma. The two genera are 

 very close to each other : and in the earlier stages it would be difficult 

 to separate them ; in the imagines, however, there is a slight differ- 

 ence of venation and extent of serration of the costal margin of fore- 

 wing. The insects are the most powerful fliers of all butterflies as well 

 as the most delicately marked, especially on the undersides where the 

 combination of colours and clearness of pattern are exceptionally 

 beautiful. 



38. Apatura camiba, Moore. (PI. C, figs. 15 and 15a). — Male, iipperside 

 Jeep velvety black, with three minute snow-white preapical spots on the fore- 

 wing, one below the other ; the cilia of both wings alternately black and white. 

 Underside dark purplish brown shaded at base of wings and along costal 

 margin and apex of forewing with dark ferruginous ; both wings with two 

 black spots in the cell, followed by an ear-shaped mark on the discocelluiars 

 and a median discal irregular band of dark brown markings outwardly inter- 

 rupted, bordered with lilacine ; beyond the discal area both wings are shaded 

 transversely with dark brown succeeded by a subterminal dark line bordeied, 

 inwardly with purple ; forewing with the preapical white spots clearer ; hind- 

 wing with a small black subternal spot. Antennae black ; head, thorax, 

 abdomen velvety black, dark brown beneath. — Female vpper&ide tawny brown.. 

 Fore and hindwing : basal half shaded and marked with brown followed by a 

 transverse, ii-regular, brown median fascia and postdiscal brown shading like 

 the underside of male ; the post-discal shading on the hindwing traversed by a 

 series of dark spots ; on the forewing by a series of three to five sub-apical 

 small white spots ; a transverse series of dark lunular markings on both wings 

 as in the male underside just inside the subterminal dark line. Underside 

 brownish yellow with the markings as in the male, but clearer. Antenna;, head 

 thorax, abdomen light brown, yellowish beneath. The wet-season form is 

 darker in the underside of male and both sides of female than the dry-season 

 form, and, as a rule, somewhat smaller in spread of wings. Exp. 46-52mm. 



Efjq. — Spherical in shape with eighteen meridional ridges which lose them- 

 selves on top ; interspaces between ridges finely striated at right angles to 

 them. Colour dirty white with a brown spot on top and a circle of five or six 

 more, i of height towards base. B: 1mm. 

 15 



