HYLASTES CUMCriARIUSy ER. 277 



elongate appearance of the beetle, is a most useful character 

 for distinguishing H. ater from //. cnnicularius in the field. 



TiiK Egg. 



The &^^ of H. cuniculariiis does not call for any special 

 notice. It is oval in shape, shining white in colour, and 

 shows neither sculpturing nor micropyle. It does not differ 

 from the usual scolytid type of q.%^. 



The Larva. 



The larva of H. cnnicularius is of the typical scolytid 

 type, a curved, whitish, legless grub with yellow head and 

 biting jaws. 



The Pupa. 



Except in the distinctly oval shape of the pro-thorax, 

 the pupa of H. cnnicularius does not differ markedly from 

 that of the other members of the genus. 



The Brood Gallery. 



The " Brood " or " Mother " gallery of H. c?micularius is 

 typical of the species. It conforms* to the Hylastes type in 

 being crutch-shaped. Its distinctive features are its breadth, 

 its shortness, and the short equal arms of the crutch. Its 

 shortness contrasts it with that of H. ater, which is long and 

 narrow, and the equal arms of the crutch contrast it with 

 that of H. palliatus, in which (and this is also a feature of 

 H. ater's gallery) one arm of the crutch is invariably 

 considerably longer than the other. 



The " crutch" is the so-called brood chamber. It is the 

 first portion of the gallery to be cut. In it the male is 

 usually found while the female is cutting the mother gallery 

 proper. 



Figure 2 is a sketch of a typical cuniculariiis brood 

 gallery cut in a spruce root, half an inch in diameter. It 

 shows the typical small crutch, which in the gallery shown is 

 slightly deflected (a very common feature), and the egg 



