ENTOMOLOGY 583 



mimic ants. He concludes that, since the latter insects are on 

 the whole well protected, it is profitable for other Arthropoda 

 to resemble them. W. M. Wheeler and collaborators [Bull, 

 Amer. Miis. Nat. Hist., 45, 1921-2, 1139 pp.) have published 

 one of the most extensive myrmecological contributions that 

 has yet appeared, and deal with the ants of the American 

 Museum Congo Expedition. It is impossible within the limited 

 space available to do justice to this series of memoirs, but 

 special mention may be made of J. Bequaert's most interesting 

 article on ants in relation to plants, which should be read by 

 both entomologists and botanists. 



Other Orders. — R. Vogel {Zool. Jahrb. Anat., 42, 229-58) has 

 an important paper on the structure and function of the fore- 

 gut and proboscis in Pediculus vestimenti. E. Hegh's Les 

 Termites (Bruxelles, 1922, 756 pp., 460 figs., and i map) is a 

 general treatise on the Isoptera. R. J. Tillyard {Bull. Ent. 

 Res., 13, 205-55) provides a much-needed account of the meta- 

 morphoses and biology of the primitive Australian moth- 

 lacewing Ithone fusca. W. A. Clemens {Cant. Ent., 1922, 77-8) 

 records a case of parthenogenesis in the mayfly Ameletus liidens, 

 females only being produced. The various methods of adapta- 

 tion of mayfly nymphs to life in swift streams are discussed by 

 G. S. Dodds and F. L. Hisaw {Proc. Am. Soc. Zool. in Anat. 

 Rec, 23, 10). 



ANTHROPOLOGY. By A. G. Thacker, A.R.C.S., Zoological Labora- 

 tory, Cambridge. 



In the latest number of the Journal of the Royal Anthropological 

 Institute (January- June 1922, vol. Hi) there is a very interest- 

 ing article by Prof. C. A. Nordman dealing with the 

 Neolithic cultures of Scandinavia, and especially with their 

 relationship to contemporary cultures in Finland. The article 

 is in sorne sense a reply to a paper on this subject which Mr. H. 

 Peake contributed to the Journal in 1919, and which I discussed 

 briefly in these pages in October 1920. The story told by 

 Prof. Nordman diifers materially from that of Mr. Peake. 

 Nordman mentions that the oldest known culture of Scandinavia 

 is represented by a few implements made of reindeer-antler, 

 and that apart from these few relics, the famous Maglemose 

 (MuUerup) culture is the earliest cultural phase in the North. 

 The Maglemose culture dates from the time when the Baltic 

 was cut oif from the ocean and constituted what is known as 

 the " Ancylus Lake." The implements of the Maglemose 

 people were chiefly of bone. The culture is roughly contem- 

 poraneous with the Azilian Age of Western Europe ; but 

 Nordman thinks that it was derived, not from the Azilian, 

 but from the Magdalenian of the West. Farther east, in what 



