EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY. 439 



to equip an institution as to rapidly and surely and economically de- 

 velop the latent powers of the mind required in business and to impart 

 knowledge of practical value is simply to set about doing an educa- 

 tional work in an equally direct and logical way. 



The very precision of organization which makes it so difficult for 

 the subordinate to gain the knowledge and experience necessary for 

 leadership provides the mechanism which most perfectly responds to 

 the entrepreneur and endows him with power never before equaled in 

 industry. Never was the capable manager more in demand than now; 

 never was the hunt for the right man more anxious than it is now. 

 There is not a more important question that can arise within industry 

 than this one of proper management. How shall society insure the 

 perpetuation of adequate leadership? This question is peculiarly 

 pressing for the United States, not so much because of immediate needs 

 as because we are bounding forward rapidly in our industrial evolution, 

 framing greater structures of trade than the world has ever seen before. 



Our great country lying in one continuous area, undivided by phys- 

 ical barriers and capable of furnishing every variety of raw material; 

 in the possession of a progressive race with like degree of enterprise and 

 honesty in all sections and employing the same trade usages and laws, 

 possesses a capacity which a like area divided into many small states, 

 although in the possession of an equal population of different races, 

 could not have. No matter how large the industrial unit ultimately 

 required to secure all possible economies of production, here the various 

 raw materials can be secured, here all the branches of the business may 

 be carried on without crossing the boundaries of nations and encounter- 

 ing tariffs and racial and national rivalries. Here business can be 

 transacted with the utmost facility because among people with one 

 language, system of money and weights and measures, and working 

 with the same spirit of alertness and ambition, under one system of 

 laws and customs. The United States may well be the country destined 

 to test to the uttermost the possibilities of organization in industry. 



But we shall not be without rivals in the world's trade. Countries 

 which can not match us in resources and population will turn inevi- 

 tably to more scientific and systematic methods. Already the Germans 

 are appl3dng the same methods to the preparation for commercial war 

 that brought them out from the anarchy into which they fell after their 

 defeat by Napoleon and made them the foremost military nation in 

 Europe. England also is awakening to the necessity of applying edu- 

 cation to the preparation for business life. Lord Eosebery, in a speech 

 delivered before the Wolverhampton Chamber of Commerce which has 

 since become celebrated, said, after reviewing the dangers threatening 

 British trade from German and American competition: ''What is the 

 remedy for this? What is poor old John Bull to do before he is 

 suppressed and defeated by these newer competitors? If I might say 



