TUE a ami: iiiiw:s of india. 327 



3-5" (7G-2 mm. to 88-9 mm.); the crest runs from about 2-5" (65-5 

 mm.) to 3-2" (81"2 mm.). The average wing measurement of this 

 series is 9-5" (241-3 mm.). 



H\ime's measurements given of birds measin-od in the flesh shew 

 nearly as great variation as the above. 



''Length, 2o-0 to 30*0; expanse 29-75 to 3275 ; tail from 

 "vent 10-0 to 13-5; wing 9-25 to 11-5; tai-sus 3-0 to 3-62 ; 

 -bill from gape, 1-35 to f-5 ; weight 2-5 to 3-0 lbs." 



Adult Female. — Whole upper surface of the plumage a golden 

 })rown formed by very fine wavy bars of black or blackish brown on 

 a golden buff ground, varying on some birds to a reddish buff; crest 

 rather darker than the rest of the upper plumage with the black bai-s 

 broader and closer together ; feathers of the neck and xipper back 

 with white V-shaped marks, narrowly bordered with black ; these 

 V-shaped marks are very irregular, and sometimes become mere 

 central white streaks, especially on the upper back ; wing coverts and 

 exposed portions of the wing like the back, the primaries and outer 

 secondaries bi'own on the inner webs. Two central paii-s of tail 

 feathere buff with narrow bars of black running across at an angle 

 of aboTit 4-5° to the shaft, but often practically absent over the 

 terminal half of the inner web of the central pair ; outer tail feathers 

 rich chestnut with broad, but very irregular bars of white, bordered 

 with black, and often spotted with the same ; these feathers are also 

 mottled with buff at the tips, very slightly so on the outermost, 

 broadly so next the buff central feathers. 



Chin and throat smoky buff, changing to rich pale rufous on the 

 breast and flanks, each feather from the neck to the abdomen with a 

 wide lanceolate white streak, edged with black and with more or less 

 black and rufous along the shaft ; abdomen and vent dull rufous 

 buff, with a little white mottling ; under tail coverts rich rufoi^s, 

 darker than the breast with white streaks centred and edged with black. 



Colours of Soft Parts. — Irides brown or wood-brown; facial skin 

 crimson or dull crimson ; bill greenish or yellowish horny with 



^ O K.' *> 



darker culmen and black at base to end of nostrils ; legs and feet 

 gi-eenish or slate horny, sometimes with a pinkish or fleshy tinge, 

 never red or scarlet. 



"Iris dark amber, bill and legs dirty greenish white; skin 

 "efface dark lake." (Wardlaw-Ramsay.) 



Measurements. — The Miiseum series of about a dozen birds and 

 fourteen othei's measured by me show far less variation in size than 

 occurs in the males, a curious fact, which is confirmed by Hume's 

 measurements. 



Wing 8-0" (203-2 mm.) to 9-2" (234-7 mm.); but only one bin- 

 has a wing over 9-0" (228-G mm.); tail 8-5" (215-9 mm.) to 10" 

 (254-0 mm.); tarsus 2-75" (69-8 mm.) to 3-15" (80-0 mm.); bill at 

 front about 11" (27-9 mm.) and from gape 1-4" (35-5 mm.). 



