642 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXV. 



lar details are given under the species. The genus is characterised, by 

 havino- three very short tails to the hind wing, hardly more j)rominent than 

 the cilia or fringe-hairs — they are, in fact, slightly elongated cilia. The 

 two species difler in shape and have slightly difi'erently shaped larvae and 

 pup^e also. De Niceville says " The venation of this genus is most ordi- 

 narjr ; it does not present a single peculiarity, nor has the male any 

 secondary, sexual characters." (Butterflies of India, Burmahand Ceylon). 

 He also informs us that there are 29 species in the genus, mostly from 

 Africa, but that a few are from the Malayan Archipelago. The transforma- 

 tions of both our species are known. The larvte are both attended by ants, 

 th.?it ot emolus always and constantly by Q'xovhijlla smarar/dina, that of 

 lyccenina very occasionally by Camjmnotus, (Ecophijlla and others. The 

 butterflies are both strong fliers and the males bask on the upper surfaces 

 of leaves on the tops of the high trees; both sexes come sparingly to 

 flowers and may be seen sucking moisture from damp places on the ground 

 on hot days at the beginning of the monsoon and just before it. They rest 

 with the wings closed over the back but bask with them partially opened. 

 Both the species are not at all uncommon in the Kanara District of the 

 Bombay Presidency but are more or less confined to the hillj^ parts from 

 sea-level upwards. 



145, Lycaonesthes lycaenina, Felder. — Male. Upperside -. purplish-violet ; in 

 certain lights with a bluish shade because of a covering of appressed, white, 

 longish hairs all over the disc of both wings, leaving only the costal and 

 terminal margins bare. Fore wing : a narrow decreasingly broad costal 

 margin bare of hairs and. therfore, darker looking ; the apex itself again 

 more 'broadly bare decreasing to tornal angle ; deep blue at base where 

 the hairs are also much loncer below vein 1 and a fringe alono; inner mar- 

 gin. Hind wing : similar, but the hairs are much more sparse on the disc, 

 longer again below vein 2 ; costal and abdominal and inner margins brown, 

 the former bare, the latter clothed with long, white hairs ; a faint, blackish 

 spot near the margin in interspaces 1 and 2. Underside: light satiny brown 

 with white, transverse lines on both wings and black spots on the hind 

 wings. Fore wing: a short line on each side of tlie discocellular nervules ; 

 a medial, lunulate, line in continuation of the outer discocellular line down 

 as far as vein la ; a postmedial, lunulate line from costa to vein la : all more 

 or less parallel to, and equidistant from, each i)ther; another, further out, 

 also equidistant and parallel, from costa to vein P> ; all the lunules outwardly 

 convex ; a lubterminal, complete, transverse series of lunules inwardly con- 

 vex-angulate and a pair of terminal lines, the inner more or less lunulate, 

 the outer faint, broken and straight ; and deep brown line or narrow band 

 before the cilia ; the cilia brown except in interspace la where they are 

 white — the colour of the wing below vein la is itself white. Hind wing : a 

 black, white-ringed, subbasal dot or spot in interspace 7 touching vein 8 ; 

 another, similar, on inner margin ; a minute, black spot nearly blinded by 

 the surrounding, white scales at the anal angle in interspace la ; a larger 

 one, submarginal, in interspace 2 crowned interiorly by an orange lunule 

 and margined exteriorly by plentiful, white scaling ; the following mark- 

 ings, beginning from outside : cilia golden light-brown with extreme base 

 pure white ; a narrow, brown, anticiliary line finely bordered inside with 

 white : then a series of inwardly angulated lunules from anal margin to 

 interspace 5 ; followed by another series of similar lunules in the same 

 interspaces, these two series enclosing the orange-crowned, black spot in 

 interspace 2; and the following pairs of lunules in the specified interspaces, 

 the outer one convex outwards, the inner concave, each pair forming a 

 sort of broken ring : in interspace la : one pair near the middle ; in inter- 

 space 1 : 2 pairs, one postmedial, the other antemedial ; interspaces 2 and 



