308 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



Connective Substances in Argulus.* — Karl Grobben finds that all 

 the cells of the body of this Crustacean are able to form a connective or 

 supporting substance, which consists of chitin, or something nearly allied. 

 Moreover, the connective substance is in continuity. Fibres formed by 

 the epidermis pass continuously into the supporting substances formed 

 in the connective tissue cells, and the same is true of the connectedness 

 between the sheaths of muscle and nerve and the basal membrane in the 

 skin. The cuticle is likewise connected with the internal connective 

 tissue. It is fundamentally characteristic of the Arthropod-plasm that 

 it forms chitin. 



Structure of Asellus aquaticus.f — S. Tschetwerikoff gives a de- 

 tailed account of the external features and appendages of this familiar 

 Crustacean, which does not seem to have previously received the attention, 

 it deserves. 



Minute Structure of Maxillary Gland in Copepods.if — Josef Plenk 

 has studied a, variety of Copepods, all of which show a typical maxillary 

 gland with terminal sac, excretory canaliculus, and excretory duct. In 

 fresh-water forms ' the canaliculus is long ; in the temporarily fresh- 

 water form, Dichelestium sturioiiis, there is a coiled glandular portion of 

 the excretory duct. In blood-sucking fish parasites there is a large 

 terminal sac with a strongly developed epithelium of club-shaped cells. 

 In some forms there is a peculiar funnel formed from the epithelium of 

 the terminal sac and acting as a valve. It does not occur in any free- 

 living fresh-water Copepod, and in its three-celled form it does not occur 

 in any fresh- water Copepod. 



Crustacean Parasites of Antarctic Annelids. § — Ch. Gravier calls 

 attention to four minute Annelidicolous Crustaceans — Herpyllohius 

 arcticus Steenstrup et Liitken, a much degraded Copepod found attached 

 by a sucker to three Polynoids ; SeUoides tardus Gravier on Hermadion 

 rouchi Gravier ; Thylacoides sarsi Gravier on Trypanosyllis gigantea — 

 the first case of a crustacean parasite on a Syllid ; and in the intestine 

 of a Serpulid, Oystopomatus macintoshi Gravier, a new vermiform 

 Copepod, Bactropus cysiopomati. 



Copepods parasitic on Coelentera.|l — A. de Zulueta gives an account 

 of the extraordinary Copepods belonging to the families Lichomolgidae 

 and Lamippidte which occur as parasites on Alcyonarians and the like. 

 He deals also with Stavrosoma parasiticum Will from Anemonia sulcata 

 and Jlesoglicola delagei Quidor from Gorynactis viridis. 



Shell of Fresh-water Ostracods.lf — K. Fassbinder has studied the 

 minutife of the shell in Gypris puhera and similar Ostracods, and has 

 inquired particularly into the process of calcification. He shows that 



* Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Univ. Wien, xix. (1911) pp. 75-93 (1 pi. and 2 figs.), 

 t Bull. Soc. Imper. Nat. Moscou, No. 4 (1910, received 1912) pp. 377-509 (2 pis.). 

 X Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Univ. Wien, xix. (1911) pp. 29-56 (2 pis. and 6 figs.). 

 § Comptes Rendus, cliv. (1912) pp. 830-2. 



II Mem. R. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat,, vii. (1912) pp. 1-5S (.39 figs.), 

 i; Zool. Jahrb., xxxii. (1912) pp. 533-76 (2 pis. and 1 fig.). 



