ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 433 



Studies of Dry-rot Fung-i.*— C. Wehmer describes his culture of 

 Goniophora cerebella. The fungus grows only in moist conditions. 

 Various instances of its occurrence are given and of the damage caused. 



Ambrosia Fung-i.f^O. Schneider-Orelli has studied the dispersal 

 and germination of the spores of this fungus. He finds that they ger- 

 . minate only after a prolonged stay in the body of the beetle. If taken 

 from the body too soon they fail to grow in the culture medium. 



Parasitism of Nectria and Fusicladium. | — Ernst Voges made 

 inoculation experiments with several fungi to determine their para- 

 sitic nature. He had observed that the young shoots of apple and plum 

 trees had died, that portions of the cortex were injured, and that the 

 mycehum of Fusarium WilJkommii, the conidial form of Nectria diUssima 

 was present in the injured tissues. He noted also that the fungus 

 fructified on other parts of the shoots where there was no sign of disease 

 being produced. He made also various inoculations with Nectria cinna- 

 harina, a well known saprophyte, and found that it was a wound parasite. 

 Fusicladium de/idriticinn was proved to be a true parasite. It attacks 

 fruits by preference and grows on the surface, sending mycelial branches 

 into the underlying tissue. 



Plant Diseases. § — -Ernst Yoges gives the results of experiments made 

 on the Mondia disease of fruit trees. He found that the Mnndia fungus 

 is not so frequently the cause of branches being killed as had been 

 thought to be the case, and also he found that fruits were not attacked 

 unless they were previously wounded. Results are also given as to the 

 germination of spores and sclerotia. During the dry season of 1911, 

 while Fusicladium seldom made its appearance, the tufts of Mondia were 

 found frequently on apples, l)ut more rarely on the harder skinned pears, 

 and altogether the fungus was less abundant than in wet vears. He 

 finds that frost is very often the forerunner of Mondia attacks. 



F. J. Chittenden |1 publishes an account of some new or little known 

 plant-diseases. A disease of lettuce due to Marssonia Fanattoniana has 

 appeared in a greenhouse at Haslemere, in Surrey, probably due to moist 

 conditions and too little ventilation. It has previously been recorded 

 from Italy and from America. A new disease of Campanula persicifolia 

 caused by Rnmularia macrospora was reported as appearing on the leaves 

 of Campanula at Old Colwall. Chittenden also reports on and describes 

 streak disease of pea caused by Thielavia basicola. This fungus attacks 

 a large number of plants. On peas it first appears as brown streaks on 

 the stem, though it is the roots that are the seat of the fungus attack. 



A disease of tomato leaves caused by the mould Cladosporium fid vum 

 has been described. If It was first reported in this country in 188'S. Its 

 first appearance is indicated by yellowish patches ; the fungus produces 



* Mycol. Centralbl, i. (1912) pp. 1-10 (4 figs.). 



t Nat. Zeitschr. Porst. Landw., ix. (1911) pp. 186-92. See also Ann. Mycol., 

 X. (1912) pp. 106-7. 



X Centralbl. Bakt,, xxxii. (1912) pp. 510-51 (2 figs.). 

 § Zeitschr. Pflanzenkr., xxii. (1912) pp. 86-105. 

 i[ Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc, xxxvii. (1912) pp. 511-50. 

 ^ Journ. Board. Agric, xviii. (1912) pp. 920-1 (1 pL). 



