ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 435 



A sweet pea disease caused by Glmosporium has induced J. J. 

 Taubenhaus* to study the relation of this type of fungus to various 

 diseuses. He found that it was a stage of GlomerelJa rufomacuhms 

 which causes bitter-rot of apple. He gives notes on other species of 

 GloRosporium. 



I. M. Lewist describes a disease of the water-willow, Dianthera 

 americana, caused by a fungus, Bag /lies ieJ I a Dkmtherse sp. n. It attacks 

 the stem, causing a canker growth. The author describes the effect 

 produced on the tissues of the tree by the parasite, and he also describes 

 the new fungus. 



B. Chaiidlerl has described a fungus, Fumago Donatise, on the 

 leaves of Donated novse-zealandise. She was able to observe conidial 

 germination and anastomosis of filaments. Though an epiphyte the 

 fungus is often a troublesome disease. 



A slime disease of palms caused by an ascomycetous fungus is de- 

 scribed by P. Sorauer.§ It attacks the scales and seriously hinders the 

 growth of the palm. Sorauer describes the changes of tissue induced 

 by the fungus, a species of Nectria. 



F. A. Wolf II describes in considerable detail three fungi that cause 

 disease of prickly pear. They are Sphserella OpimUae, with its pycnidial 

 form Glmosporium lanatum, Perisporium Wrightii, and Hendersonia 

 Opuntiae. The latter, called sun-scald, is the most common, and is very 

 destructive. The mycelium develops within the epidermal tissue and 

 blocks the stomata. The " scalded " appearance is due to the formation 

 of corky tissue. 



A. Stiff f has recorded at considerable length all the diseases that 

 have been reported on sugar beetroot and potatoes during the year 1911. 

 He includes insects as well as fungi in his survey. Roots of beet are 

 destroyed by Phonia Betse and Phythiwn de Baryanum, the latter being 

 very destructive to seedlings. Rhizoctonia violacea and Aphammyces 

 levis also attack the roots, and theories are put forward as to the soil 

 conditions that influence the growth of fungi. Sorolpidinm Betse g. et 

 sp. n., a member of the Chytricliaceffi, also does damage, but it has only 

 appeared in glass-houses. Leaves w^ere affected by Cercospora beticola 

 and other fungi. Instructions as to spraying the plants are given. 

 On potatoes GhrysophJyctis endohiotica is particularly noted, but other 

 soil fungi are also recorded, species of VerticiJUum and Fusarium, that 

 are very harmful. Other more or less common diseases are dealt with, 

 and the remedies are recommended. 



G. Briosi and R. Farneti** publish further results of their w^ork on 

 the disease of chestnut trees. It is caused by a parasitic fungus. Corg- 

 neum perniciosum, the mycelium of which enters both the wood of the 

 branches and of the trunk, making its way into the vessels and so 



* Phytopathologist. i. (1911) pp. 19G-202 (1 pi ). 

 t Mvcologia, iv. (1&12) pp. bG-Tl (4 pis.). 



+ Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, xxii. (1911) pp. 46-7 (2 figs.). 

 § Bei-. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., xxx. (1912) pp. 62-7. 

 ii Ann. MycoL, x. (1912) pp. 113-34 (8 figs, and 3 pis.). 

 i Centralbl. Bakt., xxxiii. (1912) pp. 447-96. 



** Atti 1st. Bot. Univ. Pavia, ser. 2, xiv. (1911) pp. 227-334. See also Bull. 

 Bureau Agric. Int. Rome, 1911, pp. 2374-6. 



