ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MlCliOSCOPY, ETC. 403 



midal valves. The internal wall of the crop telescopes into the lumen of 

 the mid-gut, and the telescoped portion is reflected on itself in a curious 

 manner. 



8. Arachnida. 



Cavernicolous Spiders.* — Louis Fage establishes a new family 

 Ochjroceratidae, for five genera (Theotima, Ochyrocera, etc.) of minute 

 lucifugoas spiders from the Xew World, the Antilles, Ceylon, Java,^he 

 Philippines, etc. In the genus Theotima the size does not exceed 1 mm. 

 The technical diagnostic characters are discussed. In their leisurely 

 movements they resemble species of Pliolcus, and also in having the egg 

 attached to the chelicerse. 



Structure of Central Nervous System in Scorpion and Spider.f 

 B. Haller describes the mushroom-shaped bodies or globuli of the 

 scorpion's brain. There are four of them — an anterior and a posterior 

 pair — but they remain at a low grade of differentiation, very much as in 

 Myriopods. In the spider, however, the globuli reach a much higher 

 grade, comparable to that of Orthoptera. The strong development of 

 the glolnili in Limuhis seems to be against the view that this type stands 

 in any phyletic relation to the ancestors of scorpions. 



«• Crustacea. 



Blood-coagulation in Crustacea.^ — John Tait has studied different 

 modes of coagulation in Crustaceans. Outside of Arthropods the only 

 form of blood coagulation that occurs is an agglutination of corpuscles ; 

 there is no jellying of the plasma. In Arthropods there is a true jellying 

 or solidification of " fibrinogen " normally present in solution in the 

 plasma. In the class Crustacea, and even within the order Decapoda, 

 there are some animals whose blood does not jelly, e.g. spider-crabs, 

 others in which the jellying process is present but insignificant, and 

 others again in which it is very conspicuous, e.g. tlie lobster nnd the 

 rock-loltster. 



Hermaphrodite Shrimp. § — Th. Spitschakoff has made a thorough 

 examination of the gonads of Lysmata setieaudata, a shrimp common at 

 Villefranche, and finds that there are paired ovaries and paired testes in 

 contact, and each with a pair of ducts. He found this in over 400 speci- 

 mens, and it is the only certain case of true hermaphroditism known in 

 Decapoda. The vasa defereutia contained ripe spermatozoa, and it is 

 possilde that autogamy occurs. The male organs mature first. 



Structure of Dolops.|l — Fi-anz Maidl describes Dolops lonriirmula, a 

 near relative of Argulus. found on Salminvs brevidens from Brazil. 

 There are eight categories of integumentary glands. As regards mouth- 

 parts, nervous system, respiratory organs (the shell-areas), gonads, and 

 excretory organs (the maxillary glands), there is a close resemblance 

 between Dolops and Argidiis. 



* Arch. Zool. Exper., s. (1912) pp. 97-162 (9 pis.). 



t Arch. Mikr. Anat., Ixxix. (1912) pp. 504-24 (1 pi. and 3 figs.). 



X Journ. Marine Biol. Assoc, ix. (1911) pp. 191-8. 



§ Zeitschr. wiss. Zool., c. (1912) pp. 190-209 (2 pis. and 2 figs.). 



II Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Univ. Wien, xix. ^IQH) pp. 317-46 (2 pis. and 1 fig.). 



