ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSl^OPY, ETC. 425 



North American Algse* — F. S. Collins describes two new species of 



marine alga — Dermocarpa Vickersise, epiphytic on fronds of Dictijopteris 



delicatula fi-om Barbados, and Chantransia Dufourii, epiphytic on 



Scmjassum vulgare from N. Carolina ; also a new form, Ahnfeltia plicata 



furcatella. He also publishes several new name combinations. 



South African Algse.f — W. Tyson publishes T. Reinbold's descrip- 

 tions of three new species of South African marine algje — Rhabdonia 

 naUdeims, Nemalion furceUatum, Gi(jartina Tysoni The latter two are 

 extremely rare. 



Oceanic Alg'se.l — A. Mazza continues his account of oceanic algge, 

 and gives descriptions of the morphological and anatomical character of 

 Carpobhpharis (one species) and Geramium (eleven typical species). 



Fungi. 



(By A. LoREAiN Smith, F.L.S.) 



Zyg-orhynchus Moelleri. — ^H. Grossman § has published an account 

 of this fungi with figures. It was found in soil samples from Ann Arbor, 

 Michigan, and is remarkable for the method of forming zygospores, which 

 arise from the copulation of two dissimilar branches. Grossman describes 

 the development of the fungus in his cultures. 



Eduard Gruber |1 has also made a study of this fungus. The end 

 branch of the hypha is considered to be the female branch ; the side 

 branch is the male, which bends towards the female and swells to a 

 clavate shape. The various changes that take place in the form and 

 contents of these two cells are described. The most striking is the 

 rounding off in the male cell of a small portion of the plasma to form 

 the male gamete. This plasma mass lays itself against the membrane 

 between the two cells, dissolves it, and passes over in amreba fashion 

 through a small opening, which closes again after the passage of the 

 amoeba. It remains only a short time distinct, then fuses with the 

 plasma of the female cell. Fusion of nuclei follows, and then division of 

 these fusion products. The author places Zygorynchus between the 

 Oomycetes and the Zygomycetes, resembling the latter in the character 

 of the zygospore. 



Rhizopus Delemar.^ — J. Hanzawa has made a morphological and 

 physiological study of this ferment-organism, originally described by 

 Boidin as a species of Mucor. It has been used to convert maize starch 

 to alcohol, and it is not unlike Rhizopus nigricans, with which the 

 author has compared it, but diifers in the branching size of spores, etc. ; 

 no zygospores have been found, but abundant chlamydospores were 

 developed in the cultures. 



* Rhodora, xiii, (1911) pp. 184-7. 

 t Journ. of Bot., 1. (1912) pp. 199-200. 

 X Nuov. Notar.,xxiii. (1912) pp. 57-78. 

 § Mich Acad. Sci., 13th Rep. (1911) pp. 204-7 (figs.). 

 11 Ber. Deutsch. Bot. GeselL, xxx. (1912) pp. 126-33 (1 pi ). 

 t Mykol. Centralbl., i (1912) pp. 76-87 (2 pis. and figs.). 



Aug. 21st, 1912 2 G 



