ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 523 



Bugnion is convinced that the soldier caste is differentiated in the 

 embryo. He saw some of the indubitable soldier characters in newly 

 hatched individuals of Eidermes lacustris, in Tennes obsmriceps, and in 

 some other species. 



The asexual Termites have one moult associated with an immobile 

 phase ; the sexual forms have a supplementary moult in passing from 

 the nymph to the imago. The differentiation of worker and soldier is 

 deeply rooted, and is analogous to the differentiation of sex. 



5. Arachuida. 



Spermatophores of Pseudoscorpions.* — H. Wallis Kew describes the 

 large and somewhat complicated spermatophore of CheJifer and the 

 relative small filiform spermatophore of Chernes. There are no intro- 

 mittent organs of copulation. The spermatophore is attached to the 

 floor in front of the female and the female genital opening comes into 

 contact with it. The male grasps with one liand or both hands one or 

 both hands of the female and makes a display of a definite character 

 which is carefully described. 



Parasitism of Pediculoides ventricosus.f — G. R. Blanc discusses 

 this cosmopolitan Acarine — one of the Tarsonemidfe — which sometimes 

 occurs in an epidemic fashion. It is normally an parasite on the larvae of 

 insects and accidentally occurs on man. Its occurrence on gall-making 

 Cynipida? and especially on A tilax scaUosse is dealt with at length. It 

 is pronounced to be accidental, and possible only in the case of dried-up 

 galls. 



Monograph of TrombidiidE8.+ — A. Berlese has revised this family of 

 Acarina, and supplied a much needed monograph. He recognizes fifteen 

 genera, and gives useful diagnostic tables based on the pulvilli, the 

 metopic crest, the presence or absence of a "' nasus," the eyes, the setae, 

 and the palps. There is an excellent coloured plate of various types. 



e. Crustacea. 



Minutise of Respiratory Mechanism in Corystes cassivelaunus.§ 

 Kathleen E. Zimmermann supplements Garstang's account of the respira- 

 tory mechanism in this crab, calling attention to some minute characters 

 which are of much interest. The crab buries itself in sand for protection, 

 with the tip of the antennal tulie, througli which enters the respiratory 

 current, projecting. The water which enters the antennal tube cannot 

 be quite clear ; there is a hairy filter, which rejects particles of mud, etc., 

 at the entrance to each branchial chamber. 



The main body of the in-current is split into right and left currents, 

 owing to the position of the apophyses of the mandibles, and these two 



* Proc. Zool. Soc. 1912, pp. 376-90 (4 figs.). 



t Bull. Soc. Zool. France, xxxvii. (1912) pp. 191-7 (5 figs.). 



X Redia, viii. (1912) pp. 1-291 (1 pi. and 137 figs.). 



§ Jouru. :Mar. Biol. Ass., ix. (1912) pp. 288-91 (1 pi.). 



2 N 2 



