526 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



while the more central part becomes shut off into a receptaculum seminis 

 proper. 



Parasitological Notes.* — N. Leon has shown that flies may ingest 

 and pass out the eggs of Taenia solium and T. echinococcus, and might 

 thus serve to transport them from faecal matter to food. He has found 

 Bothriocephalus latus in the small intestine of dogs. He calls attention 

 to the investigation by Madame Leon which shows that Roumanians 

 infected with Bothriocephalus may nevertheless enjoy perfect health. A 

 second case of Ascaris mystax in a child is reported. The author 

 corroborates the view of Guiart and Garin that Trichocephalus lives on 

 blood. 



Leon calls attention to the occurrence of a centipede {Geophilus 

 longicornis ?), 35 mm. in length, in the human vermiform appendix, and 

 to a case of buccal myiasis in man — larvae of Sarcophaga ivohlfarti 

 occurring in a gum-abscess. 



Turbellarians of Clare Island. f — R. Southern reports on a collection 

 of 50 species of Turl)ellaria, 5 from fresh-water and 45 in salt-water. 

 Of these no fewer than 29 are additions to the Irish fauna, and the 

 following 5 species have not previously been recorded from the British 

 Isles — Stenostoinum unicolor 0. Schmidt, Proxe/ietes gracilis von Clraff, 

 F. tuberculatus von Graff, Hyporcus venenosus (Ulj.), and Trigonostomum 

 setigerum 0. Schmidt. 



Echinoderma, 



Effect of Inhibiting Oxidation of Sea-urchin Spermatozoa.^ - Anna 



Drzewina and Georges Boiin have subjected spermatozoa of Strongylo- 

 centrotus lividus to a temporary lack of oxygen and then used them for 

 fertilization. They find that when spermatozoa thus treated fertilize 

 an egg, its development is slower than usual, there is irregularity in 

 segmentation, and more or less abnormality. A chemical influence on 

 the spermatozoa tells on development. 



Young Holothuroids from Antarctic. §-E. W. MacBride reports on 

 a new type of Auricularia {Auricularia antarctica) collected by the 

 National Antarctic Expedition. It is conspicuously distinguished by 

 the large number of wheel-shaped calcareous bodies which it contains. 

 It probably belongs to some large Holothuroid of the group Synaptidse. 

 In view of the opinion expressed by some that Arctic and Antarctic 

 Echinoderms have developments of the shortened embryonic type, it is 

 important to notice that four types of free-swimming Echinoderm larvje 

 have now been reported from these cold waters. An account is given 

 of some Antarctic post-larval stages of Cucimiaria, and one of the 

 interesting features brought out is the number of Echinoid features, e.g. 

 the almost complete dorsal cuirass of over-lapping plates and the closed 

 axial sinus. 



* Centralbl. Bakt. Parasitenk., Ixiii. (1912) pp. 382-6 (2 figs.). 



t Proc. Irish Acad., xxxi. (1912), Glare Island Survey, Part 56, pp. 1-18 (1 fig.). 



X Comptes Reudus, cliv. (1912) pp. 1639-41. 



§ Rep. Nat. Antarc. Exped. : Zool., vi. (1912) pp. 1-9 (2 pis.). 



