ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. o41 



as P. Mpuniprii Pavillard. The author criticizes the creation of tlie 

 generic name DipJopsalopsis by Meunier for Peridinimn orbicidarp Paul- 

 sen, which he maintains is a true Peridinium. The three other species 

 of DipJopsaJis, D. ssecularis Murr. et Whit., TJ. PiJluJa Osterf., and 

 D. minima Mangin, must be excluded from the genus. 



Ceratium hirundinella.* — F. Krause publishes some studies on 

 change of form in C. hinmdivelJa 0. F. Miill. as a means of accommo- 

 dating itself to a floating existence. He distinguishes five series of 

 growth forms, with special normal types. In the three-horned forms 

 there is a certain mathematical relation between the lengtli of the horns. 

 The different forms in the same waters are to be regarded as growth- 

 states of normal forms, not as varieties. Viscosity varies in the same 

 waters at different time and depth. In an appendix many measurements 

 are given, arranged according to tlie lakes from which the specimens 

 were collected. 



Phytoplankton of the West Coast of France.f — L. Mangin gives 

 an account of the phytoplankton collected off the west coast of France 

 by Anthony and Perard during the cruise of the ' Rene ' between Sables 

 d'Olonne and Brest in September 1909. The object of the cruise was 

 to enquire into the cause of the migration of the sardine. Mangin 

 describes his methods of staining the Diatomace* and phytoplankton 

 respectively for examination ; gives lists of the species collected in the 

 forty-five catches ; and describes, figures, and discusses the morphology 

 of the new and more interesting species. One fact which comes out is 

 that the phytoplankton, abundant in-shore, becomes less and less abun- 

 dant in species and individuals the fartlier one advances into the open 

 sea. Also the character of the coastal plankton alters as one passes 

 north or south. Mangin also gives analyses of the phytoplankton obtained 

 from the intestines of sardines received from six different stations, and 

 has compiled data sufficient to make the conclusion probable that the 

 sardine is choice about its food, selects Peridiniete, and, like the Crustacea, 

 avoids waters pervaded by spiny diatoms. 



Diatomacese of Switzerland. % — F. Meister publishes, under the 

 title Die Kieselalgen der Schweiz, a complete account of the diatoms 

 of Switzerland, with descriptions of genera, species, varieties, and 

 forms. The forms are all figured, and the work of identification is 

 facilitated by the use of keys. The systematic part of the work is pre- 

 ceded by a general introduction in which the history and literature of 

 the subject are treated, and instructions are given for the collection of 

 material, and for the best methods of preparing it for examination and 

 preservation. 



* Int. Rev. Ges. Hydrobiol. u. Hydrogr., Biol. Suppl. iii. ser. 1 (1911) 32 pp. 

 (8 figs, iu text). 



t Ann. Inst. Oceanogr., iv. (1912) 63 pp. (2 pis., tables, and figs.). 



X Beitrage zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz, iv. Heft 1. Bern : Wyss (1912) 

 255 pp. (48 pis.) 



