ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICEOSCOPY, ETC. 629 



Calamostachys Ludwigi.* — A. Renier publishes some notes on 

 C'alamostachys Luihvigi Carruthers, the only indisputable specimen of 

 which is the original specimen. As to impression specimens he contends 

 that they must not be regarded as valueless. They have more value 

 than real casts. He describes his specimens minutely, and tells how 

 they were collected and prepared. The constant association of G. Ludwigi 

 and Asterophyllites longifoVins strongly suggests that they are respectively 

 the fertile and vegetative branches of one and the same species. Renier 

 cites other instances of such an occurrence. 



Ferns of Borneo. t—C. J. Brooks publishes a list of seventy-eight 

 species of ferns gathered on Mount Penrissen during a brief visit in 

 April 1910. Among them are several new species determined by Cope- 

 land, but not accompanied by diagnoses. Penrissen has an altitude of 

 over 4000 ft., and is situated at the source of the left-hand branch of 

 the Sarawak River. Ferns are abundant on the humid foot-hills ; 

 scarce between the levels of 1000 and 2000 ft. ; and plentiful again in 

 the moss-forests above. Ferns of interest to morphologists occur in 

 this list. 



Bryophyta. 



(By A. Gepp.) 



Aneura pinguis.| — G. L. Clapp gives an account of the life-history 

 of Aneura pinguis, founded on Mexican material. 1. The gameto- 

 phyte is a simple, sliglitly differentiated thallus. 2. Archegonia and 

 antheridia are borne on lateral branches of dioecious plants ; their 

 development is of the Jwigermannia type. 3. The sporophyte is highly 

 specialized. One half of the oospore forms an haustorial cell ; from the 

 other half are developed the capsule, seta, and a temporary foot. Steri- 

 lization of the capsule tissue occurs at three periods : {a) the wall and 

 apical cushion are cut out ; {b) the elaterophore is defined ; (^) sporo- 

 genous tissue is differentiated into elaters and spore-mother-cells. 4. 

 The capsule splits by four early defined valves. The spores are echinate, 

 and contain chloroplasts at maturity. 5. The protonemal stage is 

 reduced to one or two cells. The spore coat encloses the very young 

 sporeUng. 6. The mature thallus often contains a fungus. Infection 

 takes place in some sporelings as early as the two-celled stage. Rhizoids 

 may be infected from the thallus. 7. Xo gemmge are found on Aneura 

 pinguis. New plants are produced by the dying back of the old thallus. 



Aplozia pumila and Aneura incurvata.§ — L. Hillier publishes 

 notes on Aplozia pumila and Aneura incurvafa, which he has discovered 

 for the first time in the Jura, near Besan§on. A. incurvata is a Scan- 

 dinavian and British species, which had not previously been known to 

 occur at all in France. Hillier briefly discusses the structure, ecology, 

 and distribution of these plants. 



* Ann. Soc. G^ol. Belg. Mem. (1911-12) 26 pp. (3 pis.). 

 t Sarawak Mus. Journ., i. (1912) pp. 39-51. 

 X Bot. Gaz., liv. (1912) pp. 177-93 (4 pis.). 

 § Eev. Bryolog., xxxix. (1912) pp. 75-6. 



