668 SUMMARY OF CUltRENT RESEARCHES. 



Effect of Silicon in Mild Steel.* — P. Paglianti has determined 

 numerous properties of ten specimens of mild steel containing • 1- 

 O'lo p. c. carbon, the silicon increasing from 0*24 to 5' 26 p.c. The 

 structures of the specimens as rolled, or annealed, were pearlitic in all 

 cases. The etched sections of the rolled bars had a decidedly streaky 

 appearance, due to the arrangement of the pearlite and ferrite in alter- 

 nate bands. Increase in silicon content up to 2".i5 p.c. had httle effect 

 upon grain size, l)ut with 8 p.c. silicon the ferrite crystals were three or 

 four times as large ; they increased greatly in size with further increase 

 in silicon content. Elongated inclusions were conspicuous in the speci- 

 mens containing 8 p.c. silicon or more. The streaky structure can be 

 removed by long heating at 1100^ C. 



Nomenclature of Constituents of Steel.f — H. M. Howe and A. 

 Sauveur present the report of the committee on the nomenclature of 

 the microscopic substances and structures of steel and cast iron. Work- 

 ing definitions for all names in use are given, with some reference to the 

 theories involved. The report does not lend itself to abstracting. 



Effect of Superheated Steam on^Cast Iron.! — ^Y. Campbell and 

 J. Cilassford have studied the changes occurring in the microstructure 

 of cast iron, etc., when exposed to superheated steam, with a view to 

 explaining the failure in use of cast-iron fittings under similar conditions. 

 With white cast iron, steel, and malleable cast iron, surface oxidation 

 alone took place. In some grey cast irons, particularly those containing 

 much silicon, the oxidation penetrated through the mass, envelopes oT 

 oxide being formed around the graphite plates. The penetration of 

 oxidation increased with increase of silicon content. 



Earth, 0. — Methods of Increasing the Resistance of Technical Alloys to 

 Corrosion. 



[The author includes a description of the microstructure of cobalt-tin and 

 aluminium-cerium alloys.] Metallurgic, ix. (1912) pp. 261-76 (21 figs.). 



Baucke, H. — Action of Electrolytes on Metals under Stress. 



Proc. Int. Assoc. Testing Materials, ii., No. 13 (1912) 10 pp. (19 figs.). 



Charpy, G., & S. BoNNEROT — Cementation of Iron by Solid Carbon. 



[A more detailed account of an investigation previously abstracted, see 

 this Journal, 1912, p. 255.) 



Eev. Mitallurgie, ix. (1912) pp. 305-20 (9 figs.). 



He IKE, W. — System Lead-sulphide — Tin-sulphide. 



[Photomicrographs of alloys of the two sulphides, PbS, SnS, are given.] 



Mitallurgie, ix. (1912) pp. 313-19 (9 figs.). 



HiBBARD, H. D. — Solid Non-metallic Impurities in Steel, " Sonims." 



Proc. Int. Assoc. Testing Materials, ii.. No. 13 (1912) 15 pp. 



Steinberg, S. — Influence of Annealing on the Microstructure of Forged Steel. 



Rev. Metallurgic, ix. (1912) Extraits, pp. 227-9 (12 figs.). 

 Journ. Soc. Met. Buss. (1911) p. 299. 



* Metallurgic, ix. (1912) pp. 217-30 (37 figs.). 



t Proc. Int. Assoc. Testing Materials, ii., No. 13 (1912) 18 pp. (1 fig.). 



t Proc. Int. Assoc. Testing Materials, ii.. No. 13 (1912) 16 pp. (18 figs.). 



