THE ETHICS OF KANT. 465 



is derived, as we find it in the testimonies of travelers and mis- 

 sionaries. 



Praising his deceased son, Tui Thakau, a Fijian Chief, concluded " by speaking 

 of his daring spirit and consummate cruelty, as he could kill his own wives if they 

 offended him, and eat them afterwards." — Western Pacific. J. E. Erskine, p. 248. 



" Shedding of blood is to him no crime, but a glory ... to be somehow an 

 acknowledged murderer is the object of the Fijian's restless ambition." — Fiji and 

 the Fijians. Eev. T. Williams, i, p. 112. 



" It is a melancholy fact that when they [the Zulu boys] have arrived at a very 

 early age, should their mothers attempt to chastise them, such is the law, that 

 these lads are at the moment allowed to kill their mothers." — Travels and Ad- 

 ventures in Southern Africa. G. Thompson, ii, p. 418. 



" Murther, adultery, thievery, and all other such like crimes, are here [Gold 

 Coast] accounted no sins." — Description of the Coast of Guinea. W. Busman, p. 

 130. 



" The accusing conscience is unknown to him [the East African]. His only fear 

 after committing a treacherous murder is that of being haunted by the angry gho&t 

 of the dead." — Lake Regions of Central Africa. R. F. Bceton, ii, p. 336. 



" I never could make them [East Africans] understand the existence of good 

 principle." — The Albert N''yama. S. "W. Bakes, i, p. 241. 



" The Damaras kill useless and worn-out people : even sons smother their sick 

 fathers." — Narrative of an Explorer in Tropical South Africa. F. Galton, p. 112. 



The Damaras " seem to have no perceptible notion of right and wrong." — 

 . lUd., p. 72. 



Against these we may set some converse facts. At the other 

 extreme we have a few Eastern tribes — pagans they are called — 

 who practice the virtues which Western nations — Christians they 

 are called — do but teach. While Europeans thirst for blood re- 

 venge in much the same way as the lowest savages, there are some 

 simple peoples of the Indian Hills, as the Lepchas, who " are sin- 

 gularly forgiving of injuries ; " * and Campbell exemplifies " the 

 effect of a very strong sense of duty f on one of these savages." 

 That character which the creed of Christendom is supposed to 

 foster, is exhibited in high degree by the Arafuras (Papuans) who 

 live in " peace and brotherly love with one another " J to such ex- 

 tent that government is but nominal. And concerning various of 

 the Indian Hill-tribes, as the Sant^ls, Sowrahs, IMarias, Lepchas, 

 Bodo and Dhimals, different observers testify of them severally 

 that " they were the most truthful set of men I ever met," * " crime 

 and criminal officers are almost unknown," || " a pleasing feature 

 in their character is their complete truthfulness," ^ " they bear a 



* Campbell in " Journal of the Ethnological Society," N. S., vol. i, 1869, p. 150. 

 f Ibid., p. 154. 



X Dr. H. Kolff. " Voyages of the Dutch brig ' Dourga.' " Earl's translation, pp. 

 161. 163. 



* W. W. Hunter. "Annals of Rural Bengal," p. 248. 

 I Ibid., p. 217. 



^ Dr. J. Shortt. " Hillranges of Southern India," pt. iii, p. 38. 

 VOL. XXXIII. — 30 



