S TIGAfA TIZA TION. 669 



"blood flowed from the side, great pain was suffered, and she also 

 " felt herself transformed into our Lord." Her stigmata were ac- 

 cepted as genuine gifts of God by the Inquisition, Pope Pius VII 

 beatified her, and Gregory XVI canonized her on the 26th of 

 May, 1839. 



Anna Catharine Emmerich, a nun of Diilmen, after long pre- 

 vious illness, experienced full stigmatization in 1811, was repeat- 

 edly examined by the authorities, endured great pain, and always 

 emitted blood on Fridays. The same thing is affirmed of Maria 

 von Mori, at Kaltern, in southern Tyrol, who after illness re- 

 ceived the stigmata in 1833. More than forty thousand visitors 

 went to see them. Maria Domenica Lazzari, of Capriani, is said 

 to have borne the marks of Christ's passion on her forehead, 

 hands, feet, and side from 1834 until 1850, and to have felt from 

 them the most terrible physical pain. 



Palma d' Oria, an Italian woman of sixty-six, visited by Dr. 

 Imbert Gourbeyre in 1871, is or was confessedly another diaboli- 

 cally tormented, angelically visited Individual, and was also an 

 expert prestidigitateuse whose performances were too blasphemous 

 and shocking to be used for purposes of scientific information. 

 Her stigmata left no scars to indicate the places whence the blood 

 had flowed. She insisted that she had not eaten anything for 

 seven years, but had been obliged to drink a great deal because 

 of the fierce internal heat which consumed her. This was so in- 

 tense that the water swallowed was ejected at boiling temperature. 



The latest and most celebrated instance of stigmatization is 

 Louise Lateau, born in the deepest poverty at Bois d'Haiue, Bel- 

 gium, January 30, 1850. Chlorotic, unhealthy, and hysterical from 

 childhood, subject to visions of saints and the Holy Virgin, and 

 wont when in ecstasy to utter very edifying things of poverty, 

 charity, and the priesthood, her stigmatizations have occurred 

 after passing through her paroxysms. On Fridays she bled from 

 the left side of her chest, blood escaped from the dorsal surfaces 

 of both feet, and from the dorsal and palmar surfaces of both 

 hands. Finally, other points of exit appeared in the forehead and 

 between the shoulders. In her seizures she was insensible to all 

 external impressions, and acted the passion of Jesus and the cruci- 

 fixion. She also declared that she did not sleep, had not eaten or 

 drunk for four years, and that the ordinary excretory processes of 

 the body had been wholly suppressed. 



America, of course, can not be excluded from the list of the 

 lands of wonders. Fortunately, it presents but one example of the 

 stigmatized. This is said to be Vitaline Gagnon, in the diocese of 

 Quebec, a young woman whose early piety was demonstrated by 

 the rejjetition of Ave Marias among the tombs, and who loved the 

 souls in purgatory so much that they often made themselves vis- 



