92 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



renewing contains about eighty per cent of water, some of it com- 

 bined, and some of it uncombined, has a notable bearing on the ques- 

 tion. We may yet learn that hydration and dehydration have more 

 to do with the vital functions than has hitherto been supposed. 



The following are the ingredients used by Rumf ord in " Soup 

 No. 1 " : 



4 viertels of pearl-barley, equal to about 20J- gallons. 



4 viertels of peas 



Cuttings of fine wheaten bread 



Salt 



24 maass, very weak beer, vinegar, or rather small beer turned 



sour — about 24 quarts 



Water about 560 quarts 



Weight, 

 avoirdupois. 



lbs. 

 141 

 131 



0Z8. 



2 

 4 



69 10 

 19 13 



46 

 1,077 



13 

 



1,485 10 



Fuel, 88 pounds of dry pine-wood 



Wages of three cook-maids, at 20 florins a year each 



Daily expense of feeding the three cook-maids, at 10 kreutzers (3 pence 



sterling) each, according to agreement 



Daily wages of two men-servants 



Repairs of kitchen furniture (90 florins per annum) daily 



Total daily expenses when dinner is provided for 1,200 persons. 



Cost. 



£ «. 

 11 



7 



d. 



10 2J 

 1 2i 



1 H 



1 11 9 



2i 

 3J 



11 

 1 7i 

 5i 



1 15 2f 



This amounts to -^f^^, or a trifle more than one third, of a penny for 

 each dinner of this No. 1 soup. The cost was still further reduced by 

 the use of the potato, then a novelty, concerning which Rumf ord makes 

 the following remarks, now very curious : " So strong was the aversion 

 of the public, particularly the poor, against them at the time when we 

 began to make use of them in the public kitchen of the House of In- 

 dustry in Munich, that we were absolutely obliged, at first, to introduce 

 them by stealth. A private room in a retired corner was fitted up as 

 a kitchen for cooking them ; and it was necessary to disguise them, by 

 boiling them down entirely, and destroying their form and texture, to 

 prevent their being detected." The following are the ingredients of 

 " Soup No. 2," with potatoes : 



2 viertels of pearl-barley 



2 viertels of peas 



8 viertels of potatoes . . . 



Cuttings of bread 



Salt 



Vinegar 



Water 



Fuel, servants, repairs, etc., as before . 



Total daily cost of 1,200 dinners . 



Weight, 

 avoirdupois. 



lbs. 

 70 



ozs. 

 9 



65 10 



230 4 



69 10 



19 13 



46 13 



982 15 



Cost. 



5 



d. 



3 71 



1 9 



i"l 



10 2i*i 

 12^ 

 1 5i 



s'sX 



1 7 6f 



