THE CHEMISTRY OF COOKERY. 671 



you see that trouble. An honest man, not overdriven, is always ready 

 to do this. 



It is a little better to wind one's watch in the morning than at any 

 other time, since, if you wind at night, and then expose your watch to 

 the cold, the chilling of the mainspring is more apt to break it when 

 tightly wound. 



Empty out the dust that accumulates so quickly in your pocket 

 often ; it will save your watch from the unnecessary contact and battle 

 with dirt. 



It is amusing to hear an ignorant customer betray a fear lest a jew- 

 eler shall steal some jewels from his watch while it is in his possession. 

 A friend of mine, who is a jeweler, in such cases always reaches for his 

 bottle in which he keeps his watch-jewels, and asks the customer to 

 hold his hat while he turns them in. This usually brings the customer 

 to his senses. In point of fact, a large part of the jewels in common 

 watches are nothing but glass. Next comes aqua-marine or beryl, 

 then garnet, then ruby, and rarely sa^Dphire. But even a ruby-jeweled 

 watch is a very rare commodity ; and even these rarer stones would be 

 of very little value for any other purpose, perforated as they are for the 

 pivot ; and the fear lest the jeweler may steal them is simply ludicrous. 



There is an amusing superstition, which has not as yet wholly dis- 

 appeared, that a watch ought not to be turned backward. I hardly 

 need remark that this is wholly groundless, for the " cannon-pinion," 

 as it is called, that carries the minute-hand, is wholly independent of the 

 train, and merely rests upon the prolonged pivot of one of the train- 

 wheels, on which it turns with slight friction ; and, indeed, if it should 

 fit too closely, it would be more likely to damage the watch if it were 

 turned forward than backward. The same thing holds in case of a 

 clock, of course, save that, in case of a striking-clock, a backward turn 

 after the *' snail " has unlocked the striking-gear, and the clock is about 

 to strike, will cause it to do so, and hence it will strike wrong. And, 

 of course, after it has struck in the ordinary way, it can not be turned 

 back far without the snail's catching on the outside of the lifting-wire. 

 This will make it impossible to turn it back farther. But no turn will 

 in any way injure the clock. 



*-•-♦ 



THE CHEMISTKY OF COOKEEY. 



By W. MATTIEU WILLIAMS. 

 XLVI. THK COOKEET OF WINE-DETING. 



THE reader will understand, from what has already been stated 

 concerning the origin of the difference between natural sweet 

 wines and natural dry wines, that the conversion of either one into the 

 other is not a difficult problem. Wine is a fashionable beverage in 

 this country, and fashions fluctuate. These fluctuations are not accom- 



