746 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY, 



followed by a most violent and rapid whirling of the body, the direc- 

 tion being toward the affected side if the injury extends through the 

 entire lobe, but toward the opposite side if the lesion be partial. 

 Comparing these results of experiments with the teachings of pathol- 

 ogy, i. e., with diseases of the cerebellum in man, there is an unex- 

 pected disagreement. Changes in one of the lobes may occur with- 

 out any observable symptoms. It is only when there is a thorough 

 wasting of the lobe that we have marked disturbances, and these are 

 not simply connected with movements, they affect the intelligence as 

 well. This fact has been specially noted by Wundt, who refers to the 

 striking example furnished by Combetti's case of the girl Labrosse. 

 This gu-1 was entirely destitute of cerebellum and pons Varolii and yet 

 was capable of voluntary movements, though showing great muscular 

 weakness and lack of intelligence. Bouillard reports the case of Gu6- 

 rin, whose cerebellum was shown to be almost wholly destroyed, " yet 

 the patient could co-ordinate his movements, even being able to walk." 

 It should be observed that in both these cases there was muscular 

 feebleness, shown by the reeling and tottering motions of the persons 

 diseased. It is customary to mention the ninety-three cases collected 



by Andral, to show that the cere- 

 bellum is not an organ for the 

 co-ordination of movements. Pro- 

 fessor Austin Flint, of New York, 

 has made a most careful examina- 

 tion of these cases, and has fully 

 established the fact that none of 

 them, save perhaps two, could pos- 

 sibly be taken to have a bearing on 

 the question. Almost all the cases 

 are complicated with diseases in 

 other brain-masses, or exhibit suffi- 

 FiG. 12.-HUMAN Cerebbtjm AND CEREBELLUM, clcnt dlsordcr of movcmcnt to con- 



Bhowing the relative size of those parts of ^ ,i ^„:„^rnl -nnsifinn Thprp 



the Brain. (After Hirschfeld and Leveill6.) tirm tne Origmal position. inere 



is a striking fact, first noted by 

 Purkinje, that leads to what seems the most rational conclusion 

 which our present knowledge will warrant respecting the general 

 function of the cerebellum. Purkinje discovered that a current of 

 electricity passed through the base of the head of a healthy person 

 causes dizziness. It is natural to attribute this result to some action 

 of electricity upon the cerebellum, especially in the light of the ex- 

 periments already described. 



Dizziness is due to some feeling of change in the relation between 

 ourselves and outward objects. This feeling may be produced by an 

 actual change in the objects or a change in ourselves. Illustrations 

 are abundant, such as rapid riding in railroad-trains or violent swing- 

 ing. It is a fact of importance in this connection, that alcoholism. 



