48 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



that this way is sterile, but rather that it is too fruitful. An 

 able and witty critique on these lines appeared recently in The 

 Times Educational Supplement (April 15, 1920, p. 193). The 

 carefully designed devices for stimulating every side of the 

 child's activity are so efficient, it is urged, that they lead to 

 overstrain. The only possible reply is that if they do so they 

 are not carefully designed. For the first essential to a reason- 

 able procedure will be a complete realisation of the mental and 

 physical needs of the child ; and to be fair we must acknowledge 

 that in the best modern work the factor of fatigue is kept 

 constantly in view. If any type of schooling interferes with 

 growth, that t3^pe must go. But it will fall under the blows 

 of rational criticism, and not if we weakly rely on drift and 

 incompetence as the sole way out of intolerable situations. 

 The following is a selection of references to recent work :. 



Grace A. de Laguna, Psy. Rev., 1919, 26, 6, pp. 409-27, " Emotion and 

 Perception from the Behaviorist Standpoint," gives a good impression of the 

 general tendency towards a more distinctly biological view of behaviour ; 

 R. L. Archer, Joiirn. of Exp. Ped., 1919, 5, i, pp. 7-17, " What is Sugges- 

 tion ? "; M. F. Basset and C. J. Warne, Amer. Journ. of Psy., 1919, 30, 4, 

 pp. 415-18, " On the Lapse of Verbal Meaning with Repetition," a set of 

 experiments with an obvious moral ; T. L. Patterson, Journ. of Educ. Psy., 

 1918, 9, pp. 497-510, " Pedagogical Suggestions from Memory Tests." 



C. J. Parsons, Brit. Journ. of Psy., 1917, 9, pp. 74-92, " Children's 

 Interpretation of Ink-blots : a Study in Some Characteristics of Children's 

 Imagination " ; William Boyd, Journ. of Exp. Ped., 1919, 5, 3, pp. 128-39, 

 " A Child's Fears " ; Canon Stuart Blofeld, loc. cit., 1920, 5, 4, pp. 168-74, 

 " The Problem of Leisure " : the work and leisure of a man should interact 

 the one with the other for the good of each ; so, if our aim is the development 

 of the whole human being, we should find a place for the cultivation of the 

 resources, both internal and external, that make for a graceful leisure. 



S. S. Brierley, Journ. of Exp. Ped., 1918, 4, 5, pp. 239-54, " Analysis 

 of the Spelling Process " ; R. C. Moore, loc. cit., 1918, 4, 5, pp. 221-36, 

 " The Psychology of Number " ; G. C. Brandenburg, Journ. of Educ. Psy., 

 1918, 9, pp. 632-6, " Psychological Aspects of Language " ; Katherine 

 Steinthal, Journ. of Exp. Ped., 1919, 5, 3, pp. 146-9, " An Experiment in 

 Teaching Elementary Geometry," an interesting method of engaging the 

 free activities of young children in class-work by the introduction of a 

 mediaeval " scholastic tournament." Mr. E. A. Craddock's experiment 

 referred to in a previous article (Science Progress, April 1920, p. 585) is 

 now set out in full in his newly published book, The Classroom Republic 

 (Black, 1920). 



These notes would be incomplete without some reference to 

 the appearance of Prof. Nunn's volume, Education : Its Data 

 and First Principles (Arnold, 1920). It is given to few books 

 to bear from the outset the obvious mark of lasting importance. 

 That this claim can be made for the volume before us arises 

 in the main, I think, from two circumstances. In the first 

 place. Prof. Nunn has deliberately levered himself out of the 

 current confusion of means and ends, and boldly set himself 

 the task of " reasserting the claim of Individuality to be re- 



