378 ROSA: SCIENTIFIC WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT 



available for military^ research, these together with an intelligent 

 citizenry and a just cause are the best preparation for war. A 

 standing army and fleets of battleships are necessary but not a 

 sui!icient preparation, even if the army is armed to the teeth and 

 the battleships are the heaviest or the swiftest in the world. 

 The Great War demonstrated that modem wars are not of armies 

 but of peoples, and their resources and their intellectual and 

 industrial resourcefulness are more important than the initial 

 equipment of armies and fleets. Therefore, a government that 

 pays much attention to education and research and industrial 

 developmental work is making the best preparation for possible 

 wars of the future. This fortunately produces good results if war 

 never comes. By increasing the power and prestige of the nation, 

 such preparation tends to prevent war, and so pays for itself twice 

 over. 



CONCLUSION 



34. Probably everyone will grant the principle that a govern- 

 ment should do something to educate the people, and to develop 

 the industries and the natural resources of the country. It is 

 only a question of the scope and extent of such work. The 

 government has already done much, but in comparison with 

 the needs and the opportunity it is inadequate. Cooperation 

 of all the people in developing themselves and improving their 

 condition and securing protection against the selfish and unfair 

 efforts of individuals or corporations or groups, is more necessary 

 in the modern state than formerlv. And when the state con- 

 tains a hundred million people and covers a continent, effective 

 cooperation in many cases can be attained only by government 

 assistance and leadership. Friendly governmental cooperation 

 and constructive assistance in the industries are more welcome 

 than regulation and repression. We must have the latter in 

 some cases, and that is an additional reason why we should have 

 a generous measure of the former. How far we should go experi- 

 ence alone can determine. But we should have the courage to 

 face the facts, to analyze them correctly and, both in the govern- 

 ment and in the nation, to do as well as we know how. We should 



