554 ROSA: REORGANIZED CIVIL SERVICE 



examinations. If a man does not measure up to the prevailing 

 standard for promotion to the next higher grade or class (which 

 standard is determined by the best average of others in the same 

 class), he would not receive such promotion. He, therefore, 

 knows that he is in competition with others, and it is an effective 

 stimulus. On the contrary, he knows that if he makes good, 

 his position is secure, and he can be promoted without fear that 

 someone from a distance (who might be able to pass a better 

 examination) can take his position away from him. The following 

 paragraph is suggested as a substitute for (a) of Section 9 : 



Section 9 (a). Whenever the head of a department desires to fill a 

 position othenvise than by promotion, he shall request the Commission 

 to certify the names of persons eligible to fill such position. Names 

 so certified may include those eligible for reinstatement or transfer 

 from one bureau or department to another. Any employee may apply 

 to the Commission for transfer, but transfers will be made only with 

 the approval of the Commission. 



It is suggested that paragraph (c) of Section 9 be omitted, as 

 it describes a class of cases of rare occurrence, and the Commis- 

 sion can make rules for such cases without it being set forth in 

 detail in the law. 



16. TRANSFERS 



Section 10 provides for the transfer of an emplo3^ee from a 

 position in one class to a vacant position in the same class at 

 the same rate of compensation in some other department, with 

 the approval of the Commission. The approval of the admin- 

 istrative officers or heads of departments concerned is not re- 

 quired. At present such approval is necessary and it seems 

 desirable that this practice be continued, where a transfer on 

 relatively short notice is desired. Very seldom, if ever, would 

 it be refused under the new conditions assumed, if the reasons 

 for the transfer were such that the Civil Service Commission 

 would give its approval. It would appear desirable, however, 

 not to limit transfers to positions in the same class and at the 

 same salary. Ver>^ frequently men and women accept positions 

 in the government service below what they are qualified to fill, 

 and at salaries which are inadequate. They do so in order to get 



