PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 31 



distribution of the oxygen necessary to its various organs. 

 In this connection the present writer has some unpubhshed 

 evidence to show that the aerating system of mesophytes is 

 actually adjusted to some extent in response to different 

 degrees of soil aeration, which is confirmatory of the results of 

 Norris, quoted by Hunter {Ann. Bot., 191 5, 64, 631). 



An article quoted from the Planter's Chronicle (by the 

 ^g^- J' I'f^d., 191 8, 13, 1 48-1 51) enlarges on the importance of 

 aeration by cultivation and drainage, and emphasises the 

 difference in the requirements of different plants. Reference 

 is made to the attractive if impractical possibility of soil 

 aeration by means of liquid air, and to the method of pumping 

 air into the soil by means of a pipe system. 



ZOOLOGY. By Prof. Chas. H. O'Donoghue, D.Sc, F.Z.S., University 

 of Manitoba. 



Protozoa. — Hayashi has written on the " Etiology of Tsutsu- 

 gamushi Disease " {Jour. Parasit., vol. vii, No. 2, Dec. 1920), 

 and his paper should prove of use, since it contains, inter alia, 

 a summary of a considerable amount of work that he has 

 published previously in Japanese journals. The disease, rain 

 fever, occurs along the river banks in Northern Japan, and 

 resembles Rocky Mountain spotted fever in many respects. 

 The parasite causing the disease has been named by the author 

 Theileria tsutsugamushi , and appears to be most closely related 

 to T.parva. "Rod," "spheroid," and "ring-shaped" bodies 

 are found in the lymphocytes of the lymph nodes of patients 

 suffering from the complaint. They also occur in the blood- 

 plasma and in severe infections in the erythrocytes. The 

 disease has been transmitted to monkeys, guinea-pigs, rabbits, 

 and calves experimentally. A diagram of the life-history of 

 the parasite is given. 

 Other papers include : 



Andrews, " Alternation of Phases in Folliculma " [Biol. Bull., vol. xxxix. 

 No. I, July 1920) ; Fantham and Porter, " On the Natural Occurrence of 

 Herpetomonads (Leptomonads) in the Blood of a Fish" {Jour. Parasit., 

 vol. vii. No. I, Sept. 1920) ; Hausman, " The Manipulation and Identifica- 

 tions of the Free-swimming Mastigophora of Fresh Waters" {Anter. Nat., 

 vol. liv. No. 633, Aug. 1920), and " The Vibratile Oral Membranes of 

 Glaucoma scintillans, Ehr." {ibid.. No. 634, Oct. 1920) ; and Kudo, " Notes 

 on Nosema apis. Zander" {Jour. Parasit., vol. vii, No. 2, Dec. 1920), 



Jnvertebrata. — Stephenson has published a paper " On the 

 Classification of Actiniaria, Part I, Forms with Acontia and 

 Forms with a Mesogleal Sphincter " {Quart. Jour. Micro. Set., 

 vol. Ixiv, pt. 4, July 1920). It has long been recognised that 

 the classification of this group of Coelenterates was in an un- 

 satisfactory condition, and the author had this forcibly brought 



