2IO SCIENCE PROGRESS 



species among the Aphides. The derivation of the family 

 name for the latter insects is discussed by A. C. Baker {Proc. 

 Ent. Soc. Washington, May 1921), who is of opinion that the 

 correct spelling should be Aphiidae rather than Aphididse or 

 Aphidse. F. V. Theobald (Journ. Pomology, ii, 20 pp.) gives 

 the results of his work on Schizoneura lanigera. For many 

 years its life-cycle was supposed to have been known until the 

 fact that the elm is its primary host was discovered in America. 

 Theobald has observed the same cycle in Britain, and has 

 established the fact that this insect migrates from the elm to 

 the apple in July, which alters the correct time for spraying as 

 well as explaining many past failures in treatment. 



Lepidoptera. — ^Among faunistic works Holland's Lepidoptera 

 of the Congo [Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43, 109-369) is 

 important and adds considerably to our knowledge of the 

 distribution of those insects in Africa. A. M. Moss {Nov. Zool., 

 27> 333-54) has published a series of observations on the early 

 stages, food plants, and habits of the Sphingidae observed around 

 Para, Brazil. Among morphological works is an investigation 

 by Swaine on the nervous system of the larva of Sthenopis thule 

 {Canad. Ent., lii, 275-83). F. Brocher {Arch. Zool. Exp., Ix, 

 1-45) has investigated the circulation of the blood in Sphinx 

 convolvuli, and S. Metalnikow {Camp. Rend. Soc. Biol., Ixxxiii, 

 817-20) has studied immunity in the larvae of the wax-moth. 

 He finds that they exhibit a remarkable resistance to the patho- 

 genic organisms of many of the most virulent human diseases, 

 but are very susceptible to others which are only slightly patho- 

 genic. E. Minnich {Journ. Exp. Zool., xxxiii) has studied certain 

 chemotropic responses in Pyrameis atalanta and Vanessa antiopa, 

 and describes organs of chemical sense situated at the distal ends 

 of the tarsi of the four walking-legs. Part 24 of the Lepi- 

 dopterorum Catalogus, dealing with the subfamily Nolinae, has 

 also appeared. 



Coleoptera. — Verhoeff {Arch. Naturges., 1919, A. 6, i-iii) 

 contributes his fourth article on the morphology and biology 

 of the Staphylinoidea and deals in the present instance with the 

 larval structure. E. Warren {Ann. Natal Mus., iv, 297-366) 

 has an important paper on the comparative anatomy of Para- 

 corotoca, a genus of beetles belonging to the same group. Blunck 

 {Zeits. f. wiss. Zool., 117, 1-129) has published the second part 

 of his detailed studies of the post-embryonic development of 

 Dytiscus, and G. Steinke has investigated the spiracles in a 

 number of coleopterous larvae {Arch. Naturges., 191 9, A. 7, 

 1-58). Among other papers a considerable proportion are 

 devoted to the Coccinellidae. Davidson {Ent. News, xxxii, 

 83-9) has dealt with the life-history of a common American 

 species, Psyllobora tcedata, which is found associated with fungi 



