ANTHROPOLOGY 217 



attracted far more attention in Europe if the war had not 

 been in progress. Dr. Hrdhcka deals at great length with 

 these various skeletons, and throughout the discussion the 

 English reader is strongly reminded of the controversies which 

 raged around our own Ipswich skeleton and Galley Hill skeleton. 

 Indeed, the circumstances appear to be closely similar, and 

 one is not surprised when Dr. Hrdlicka comes to the conclusion 

 that these various skeletons are burials of a very much later 

 date than the stratum in which they were found. Thus the 

 general result is that Dr. Hrdlicka dismisses all these cases of 

 supposed discoveries of fossil man in America. 



The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute for 

 January-June 1920 (vol. 1) contains several articles of first-rate 

 interest. The first paper is by Dr. H. J. Fleure, and is entitled 

 " Some Early Neanthropic Types in Europe and their Modern 

 Representatives." The paper begins by describing certain 

 physical characteristics which are to be found associated with 

 hyperdolichocephaly in the Plynlymmon moorland region. Dr. 

 Fleure gives the characteristics of the people of this district as 

 follows : 



" Absolute head length great (typically over 200 on the 

 head) ; this length due partly to strength of glabella and partly 

 to marked and rather low occipital prominence. Cephalic 

 index usually well below 74 on the living head and sometimes 

 below 70, The sagittal line on the skull stands out and has a 

 marked down slope on either side, and the height of the head 

 is a marked feature in spite of the apparently low and receding 

 forehead, the characters of which are accentuated by the great 

 development of the supraciliary arcs and the glabella ; this 

 head form is described as hypsistenocephalic. A sulcus is well 

 marked over the supraciliary arcs, but not over the glabella. 

 The forehead is narrow with well-marked lateral orbito-temporal 

 depressions. The orbit is rather long and low, and this is 

 linked with the rather large bizygomatic breadth. The nose 

 is rather broad, and there is usually some degree of alveolar 

 prognathism ; the palate is horseshoe-shaped rather than 

 V-shaped in cross-section. The chin may be weak. The 

 stature is usually not very great. The arm is rather long in 

 proportion to the leg. The nails rarely have lunulae. Hair, 

 eyes and skin are often all dark with, frequently, a florid 

 tendency in the complexion. Most have wavy hair, but a 

 very few have been traced with curly hair and marked 

 prognathism and small size, and sometimes the horseshoe 

 palate and very strong white teeth. Hairiness is sometimes 

 very marked, and there may be an unusual amount of body- 

 and neck-hair, even in women." 



Now, Dr. Fleure shows that this same group of characters 



