GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF THE PRIMATES 603 



of Primates. In view of the considerations that I have ad- 

 vanced in the foregoing pages, the reader will readily appreciate 

 that the horizontal distribution of these fossils is quite as 

 interesting and significant as their vertical distribution. The 



TIME AND SPACE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PLACENTALIA 



FIFTH 



PERIOD 



General 



Union 



FOURTH 

 PERIOD 



S.America 

 separate 



THIRD 

 PERIOD 



Both 



Africa 



and 



South 



America 



separate 



Litopterna" 

 Toxodontia" 



SECOND 



PERIOD 



SJ\inerica 



separate 



Platyrrhlna CaUrrhina 



Rodentia aI Proboscidea Artiodactyla Catajrrhina 



Xenarthra / Pholidota ^"""v^Lemuroidea, 



Litopternax/carniTora Inseetivora ^v^ y^ Tubulldentata 



Catarrhina / \ Perissodactyla 



Proboscidea ^ Pholidota X Hyracotdea 



Artiodactyla / \ Camiwora 



Ancylopoda" /insectivora. Rodentia 



Litopterna 



Platyrrhina 



[H y stricomorph 

 Insectivora 

 Xenarthra 

 Pyi-otheria" 

 Toxodontia'* 



FIRST 

 PERIOD 



General 

 Union 



XENARTHRA 



INSECTIVORA 



Condylarthra" 



Amblypoda" 



Tubulldentata 

 Pholidota 



A 



Creodonta'' 



Insectivora 



Artiodactyla 



Ancylopoda'^ 



Tillodontia'^ 



Rodentia 



Perissodactyla 



Xenarthra Amblypoda 



Camlvora 



Taeniodonta" Condylarthra" 



Lerauroidea 



Catarrhina 

 Rodentia 

 Hyracoidea 

 Artiodactyla 

 Creodonta'* 

 Embrithopoda" 

 Barytherla" 

 Proboscidea 

 LEMUROIDEA 



? PR. ANTHROPOIDEA ? PR. ARTIODACTYLA 



? PRIMITIVE RODENTIA Creodonu'' 

 XENARTHRA Taeniodonta'' ? LEMUROIDEA 



Amblypoda^ Insectivora Condylartbra'' tr? 



? End of 

 Oligocen* 



? PRIMITIVE ANTHROPOIDEA 

 ? PRIMITIVE RODENTIA 

 XENARTHRA 



e-:-7' 



TAENIODONTA 



AMBLyPODA 



INSECTIVORA 



Trituberculata'^ 



CONDyLARTHRA* ' ? '' 



? LEMUROIDEA 



? End of 

 Paleocene 



Mesozoic Era 



place of the Primates in mammalian evolution cannot be per- 

 ceived unless both aspects of the matter are borne in mind. 



As the reader is aware, the Primates are divisible into two 

 sharply distinguished sub-orders, the Lemuroidea and the An- 



