BOTANY 379 



Thus Iris Donglasiana can be compared with A. pendula ; 

 Sparaxis with A . neurophylla ; Gladiolus ornaius with A . incurva 

 and Sisyrinchium junceum with A. tereti folia. 



Phormium tenax and Dianella, in which the ontogeny sup- 

 ports the view of congenital concrescence, are considered as cases 

 apart from the normal Monocotyledonous leaf. 



As in Acacia, so in the Iridacese, a winged axis is not infre- 

 quent, the wings corresponding to the plane of flattening of the 

 phyllode. 



The leaves of the Irises of the Juno section are held to consist 

 of leaf-base only, whilst evidence is adduced to support the view 

 that the dorsiventral limb of Crocus is a secondary development 

 of the phyllodic petiole. 



The same author has also considered the leaves of the Helo- 

 biece {Bot. Gaz., July), which show three types, viz. a sheathing 

 base with a more or less radial petiole ; a sheathing base and 

 a ribbon-like lamina ( = flattened petiole) ; a sheathing base 

 and a differentiated pseudo-lamina. The different types recur 

 as parallel developments in five of the seven families of the 

 Cohort. 



A number of variations in the flowers of Stachys sylvatica 

 are described by Cutting {Ann. Bot., July), of which the peloric 

 and semi-peloric flowers were found to occupy positions favour- 

 able to nutrition, whilst flowers with a decreased number of 

 parts were observed under conditions unfavourable to nutrition. 

 Several instances of a complete androecium of five stamens were 

 noted and both self- and bud-pollination was found to occur. 



The fact that vigorous plants of the normally decussate 

 Helianthus tuberosus are not infrequently whorled, with three 

 leaves at each node, is a familiar fact to most. Similarly 

 shoots of Ligustrum vulgare show the same phenomena, and it 

 is also met with in Lysimachia vulgaris, Anagallis arvensis, etc. 

 McAtee [Torrey Bot. Club, May) records such whorled leaves 

 for several species of Viburnum, viz. V. opulus, V. acerifolium, V. 

 dentatum, V. pubescens, V. lentago, and V. lantana. Also in five 

 species of Lonicera and in Sambucus canadensis. In all these 

 the phenomenon is chiefly associated with the more vigorous 

 root shoots and would therefore appear to be largely conditioned 

 by nutrition. 



Comparison of normal and tetracotyledonous seedlings of 

 Phaseolus show some interesting physiological distinctions to 

 be associated with the morphological one. The normal seed- 

 lings have not only a higher green weight and dry weight, but 

 the percentage dry weight is higher also, evidently indicating 

 greater vigour (Harris, Bot. Gaz., September). 



The artificial inoculation of species of Citrus which are 

 normally resistant to Pseudomonas citri has shown that they can 



