6o NATURAL SCIENCE. Jan.. 1894. 



Sympeden = Bilatevalien. (Schulze.) 



Syngramme {a-vv, with ; ypaiJ.jxa, a drawing), organic bodies sym- 

 metrical about a main axis. This term supplants " Centraxonia " 

 (Haeckel). (Schulze.) 



Synstigmen {crvv, with ; a-Tt'yfxa, a mark), organic bodies with an 

 imaginary geometrical centre. This term supplants "Centrosigmen" 

 (Haeckel). (Schulze.) 



Syntrophy [a-vv, with; and rpe'</)w, I nourish) with erroneous 

 variant syntrophistii, and substantive syntvoph. Apparently equals 

 " commensalism " of former authors, but is specially applied to the 

 endophytic elements of lichens. (Minks.) 



Tangential, at right angles to the radii of a Synstigma, and on the 

 surface thereof. (Schulze.) 



Termini, the ends of the main axis of a Syngramma, with adjec- 

 tival forms terminal, tenninan, tevminad (compare "Centrum" and 

 derivatives). (Schulze.) 



Topo-type (roVos, place ; ri'Vos, type) applied in zoology 

 to a specimen collected at the exact locality whence was obtained the 

 type of the species to which it belongs. (Thomas.) 



Ventran, on the outer surface of the venter. (Schulze.) 



PAPERS REFERRED TO. 



1. Buckman, S. S. — Quayt. Joiirn. Gcol. Soc, vol. xlix., p. 481. 



2. Humphrey, J. E. — Tniiis. Amev. Phil. Soc, n.s., vol. xvii., p. 79. 



3. Hyatt, A, — Zool. Anzeigey, pp. 317 and 325, August. 



4- .—Biologisches Centralblatt, vol. xiii., pp. 504-511. 



5. Minks, A.—Ahh. Zool.-bot. Gesell. Wicn, vol. xlii., pp. 377-505. 



6. Moore, J. E. S. — Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. xxxv., p. 259. 



7. Ryder, J. A. — Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, vol. xxxi., pp. 194-196. 



8. Schuchert, C.—Proc Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. viii., p. 79. 

 g. Schulze, F. E.— Biologisches Centralblatt, vol. xiii., pp. 1-7. 



10. Strasburger, E.—Anat. Anzeig, vol. viii., pp. 177-191. 



11. Thomas, O.—Proc. Zool. Soc, pp. 241-242. 



12. Y/heeler, Ifl.M.— Journ. of Morphology, vol. viii., no. i. 



