i894- THE CROSS-FERTILISATION OF FOOD-PLANTS. 277 



Thus the first figure recalls both Hardcastle and Mainstay, but the ear 

 has more spikelets, each of which contains an increased number of larger 

 grains. The spelt comes out very strongly in Nos, 3, 4, and 5 ; the 

 last approaches it most nearly, but has larger spikelets more compactly 

 arranged on the main axis. Nos. 3 and 4 contain characters derived 

 from the commonly cultivated varieties. No. 6 is somewhat similar, 

 but branched. In this case the axis of the spikelets, after producing 

 two normal seeds, has, instead of bearing two or three additional 

 flowers as usual, become extraordinarily lengthened, forming a 

 secondary axis which in turn bears smaller spikelets. A similar 



Fig. I. — Some of the Varieties used as Parents. 



»:^ 



Hardcastle. Mainstay. Spelt. Hard Wheat. Grey Wheat. 



(T. spelta.) {T. dunim.) [T. hirgidum.) 



Reduced One-half Natural Size. 



monstrosity in the Grey wheat has produced the branched variety 

 known as Mummy wheat {T. decomposihmi, L.) In No. 7 the spelt is 

 again in evidence, though influenced by a bearded form. In Nos. 8 

 and 9 is seen the effect of the Grey wheat, as also in No. 11, which 

 is, however, nearer the selected Bearded wheat. 



The different forms of cultivated barleys are probably all varieties 

 of a single species. The spikelets are borne in groups of threes on 

 the opposite sides of the axis, but as a rule only the centre one of 

 each group is perfect and produces seed. The ear is thus two-rowed 



