1894. SCORPIONS. 359 



the Indo-Malayan sub-region the genus Scorpio is ahnost entirely 

 replaced by its near ally, Palamna-ns, which ranges from Bengal to 

 Borneo and the Philippines. Hovmuvus anstralasia and Archisometrus 

 mucronatus have approximately the same range as Palamnmis, and are 

 not known from India or Ceylon, while the genera Scorpiops and 

 Chcrrilus extend from Cashmere into Assam, Burma, and Tenasserim. 

 Here Scorpiops, of which one peculiar species has been recorded from 

 the Deccan, reaches its limit ; but Chcrrilus, which is also represented 

 by a peculiar form in Ceylon, passes into Java, Sumatra, and Borneo. 

 These two genera are of special interest, inasmuch as they are allied 

 to the Palaearctic genera Inrus and Euscorpius, and thus indicate 

 faunistic affinity between the Oriental and Palaearctic regions. A 

 corresponding but rather closer affinity is indicated with the Ethiopian 

 Region by the presence of Scorpio in India and Ceylon, and of Archi- 

 sometrus over the whole Oriental Region. 



The Australian Region is not easily separable from the Oriental 

 where the two are nearly contiguous. It may be divided into two 

 sub-regions, a northern insular portion or Austro-Malaya, and a 

 southern continental portion or Australia. The following genera are 

 represented : — (Ischnuridae) Horiiturns, several species, Celebes, 

 Papua, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, E. Australia; (Urodacidse) 

 '■'■'- Urodaciis, several species, Australia ; (Bothriuridas) Cercophonins, one 

 species, Australia ; (Buthidas) Isometrns, one species, E. Australia ; 

 Archisometrus, about three species, Celebes and Flores, Australia ; 

 '■•'Isometroides, two species, Australia. The Australian sub-region is 

 recognisable from the Austro-Malayan by the presence of the genera 

 Urodacus, Cercophonins, and Isometroides, which do not extend into the 

 latter area. This Austro-Malayan sub-region is near akin to the 

 Indo-Malayan. Two species, namely Archisometrus mucronatus and 

 Hormurus australasicr, are common to the two ; and the characteristi- 

 cally Oriental genus Chcrrilus is represented by a single species in 

 Celebes. But with the exception of H. nustralasicr, the genus Hormurus^ 

 of which there is a peculiar species in New Caledonia, does not 

 appear to cross Wallace's Line. There are no indigenous species of 

 Scorpions in New Zealand and none, so far as has been ascertained, 

 in the Pacific Islands. 



In North America the northern limit of Scorpions seems to be 

 situated between the 35th and 40th parallels. They thus belong 

 to the Sonoran Province of Merriam. To the west of the Rockies 

 these animals have been recorded from Cahfornia and Utah ; 

 and to the east of this mountain chain they appear to extend into 

 Kansas, Carolina, and Virginia. To the south, that is in Central 

 America, the fauna seems to blend with that of the Neotropical. At 

 all events, we have not sufficient data to enable us to define accurately 

 the limits between the two regions. 



Characteristic genera of the Sonoran Province are ■'Uroctomis 

 (Anuroctonus), three species, California, Utah, Virginia; ■■'-Hadrtirns, 



