44 bulletin: museum of comparative zoology. 



days had driven the warm surface water to the south. And even in 

 this case it is probable that the cold water which took its place welled 

 up from below, rather than that it was an extension of the cold zone 

 normally encountered some 15 miles further north. At 43° 27' N. 

 Lat., i. e., a few miles south of Cape Elizabeth, the cold band suddenly 

 became broader, the 60° curve bending eastward almost at a right 

 angle, and roughly following the parallel of 43° 27', to within about 

 35 miles of Seal Island, Nova Scotia {i. c, 66° 49' W.) where it turned 

 southward and passed out of the area covered by the cruise of 1912. 

 The cold water thus expands from a narrow band to a triangular area 

 which is about 45 miles broad opposite Grand Manan. It is continu- 

 ous thence along the western coast of Nova Scotia, becoming narrower 

 again (25 miles broad) off Yarmouth. Throughout this triangle the 

 temperatures, day and night, were everywhere 59° or below, except 

 for one sporadic reading of 60° off the Grand Manan Bank, probably 

 explicable by diurnal warming on a very calm day; and the diurnal 

 range very small. From Portland eastward to Mt. Desert the tem- 

 perature range was from 56°-58°, a very small variation when we 

 remember the strong tides of this region. Northeastward from Mt. 

 Desert the temperature close to the coast dropped below 55°; and 

 from Moose Peak to and through the Grand Manan Channel, as well 

 as in Passamaciuoddy Bay and Eastport Harbor the temperature on 

 the surface was 50°-52°. 



Unfortunately we did not enter the Bay of Fundy proper, and it is 

 therefore impossible to draw the curve of 55° accurately. But so far 

 as our observations show, it touched the outer islands at Mt. Desert; 

 ran easterly for about 25 miles, and then turned southeasterly, en- 

 closing the Bay of Fundy and a band along the west coast of Nova 

 Scotia. On our run from Station 28 to Station 29, the drop in tem- 

 perature was very sudden, from 60° at 60° 49' W to 50.5° at Station 

 29, 20 miles further east. The area of water colder than 55°, is then 

 roughly comparable in outline to that between 55° and 60°, though 

 much smaller in extent. And this cold water was below 55°, usually 

 below 53°, by day as well as by night. The lowest surface tempera- 

 tures encountered were on German Bank (50.5°) off Grand Manan 

 Bank (50°), and in the Grand Manan Channel (50°). 



Our only example of seasonal change is in Massachusetts Bay, 

 which we studied at the beginning and again at the end of our cruise. 

 From July 9-15 the temperatures in the northern half of the Bay 

 during the day time were usually 63°-65° (60°-65°) except for the 

 occasional cold bands mentioned (p. 43) to which we will have occa- 



