378 bulletin: museum of comparative zoology. 



Measurements. — Adult (thirty-one specimens) — wing, 112 0- 

 122.5 (116.9); tail, 90.0-108 (96.4). 



Range. — Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, southern Brazil, Bolivia, 

 Peru, western Ecuador, Colombia (excepting Santa Marta region). 



Specimens examined.— Argentina: Tucuman (Tapia), 1; Arenal, 

 1. Uruguay: Concepcion del Uruguay, 1. Southern Brazil: State 

 of Parana, 2; State of Sao Paolo, 6. Bolivia: Yungas, 1. Western 

 Ecuador: San Jose, 1; San Juan, 1. Peru: Lake Titicaca, 1; Bella- 

 vista, 1; Tabaconas, 2; Huancabamba, 3; Chanchamaga, 2. Colom- 

 bia: Bogota,!; Jimenez, 6; Atuncela, 1; San Antonio, 1. Total, 32. 



Remarks. — There has been much uncertainty in regard to the 

 range of true melancholicm. We refer to this form all birds from 

 Argentina and Uruguay northward to western Colombia and to South 

 Brazil. Birds from western Colombia and western Ecuador are, as a 

 matter of fact, intermediate in coloration, between true melancholicus 

 and the form inhabiting northern South America. Like true vielan- 

 cholicvs they possess the wide chest-band, which, however, is slightly 

 more yellowish in tone, not so grayish. On the whole, they are very 

 close to true melancholicm and hardly distinguishable in parallel series. 

 The difference is certainly too small to warrant further subdivision. 



2. Tyrannus melancholicus despotes (Lichtenstein). 



Musdcapa despotes Lichtenstein, Verz. doubl., 1823, p. 55 (Bahia, Brazil). 



Type. — Berlin Museum. 

 (?) Muscicapa furcata Spix, Av. Bras., 1825, 2, p. 15, pi. 19 ("in locis cam- 



pestribus Brasiliae"). Type. — Munich Museum. 

 (?) Tyrannus crudelis Swainson, Quart, journ. sci., 1826, 20, p. 275 (Brazil) 



[Reference not verified]. 

 Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa (not Laphycles satrapa Cabanis and Heine) 



of authors. 



SuBSPECiFic CHAKACTERS. — Similar to Tyrannus melancholicus melancholicus 

 Vieill., but smaller; chest-band much narrower, yellowish rather than grayish 

 predominating; throat paler gray. 



Measurements.— Adult (fifteen specimens) — wing, 106.0-117.0 

 (109.8); tail, 84.0-98.5 (90.4). 



Range. — Eastern Brazil, Guiana, Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago, 

 Grenadines. 



Specimens examined. — Eastern Brazil : Bahia, 3. Dutch Guiana: 

 near Paramaribo, 6. French Guiana (trade skin), 1. British Guiana: 



