1941 CATALOGUE OF FISHES OF TORTUGAS IIX 



the Tortugas group. All these specimens were small as compared with the type 

 (U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 3422), which is 130 mm. long. 



In their common color phase they are azure, with the upper and lower margins 

 of the caudal dark blue or black. Resting in an aquarium tank, the same pattern 

 of bands as in Hypoplectrus puella is often displayed. 



The crescent-shaped caudal is distinctive. Fish of the same size in the other 

 species show nothing like it. 



Known only from Tortugas, Florida. W. H. L. 



Hemianthias vivanus (Jordan and Swain) 



Four specimens, 55 to 95 mm. long, no two together, were taken in 40 to 60 

 fathoms. 



The fresh fish were straw color, faintly rosy above; dorsal inclined toward 

 orange, this color more distinct as it becomes more concentrated when the fin is 

 deflexed; caudal and anal slightly yellow; lower jaw yellow at tip; a clear-cut 

 yellow line from maxillary to eye, reappearing behind it; eye blue above and 

 below, with both red and brassy shades between. W. H. L. 



At least 4 more specimens, 68 to 107 mm. long, appear to have been taken in 

 40 to 60 fathoms after Dr. Longley prepared the foregoing account. I find the 

 following concerning 3 specimens taken together: "At all sizes dorsal spines with 

 cirri. The yellow line from tip of snout is tangent to eye below and thence to 

 edge of operculum opposite lower base of pectoral. Another yellow stripe from 

 behind eye to upper base of pectoral. Ventral, caudal, and anal slightly yellow." 

 The collection contains still another specimen, 177 mm. to tips of produced 

 caudal rays, 123 mm. to base of caudal, which is larger than those listed by Dr. 

 Longley. 



Pronotogrammus aureorubens and this species are similar in appearance. They 

 are most readily distinguished by the smaller eye in Hemianthias vivanus, which 

 also has filamentous ventral rays in adults; a serrated subopercle and interopercle 

 in part; and a single enlarged flat spine at the angle of the preopercle with only 

 a few spines below it, the rest of the lower margin being smooth. 



The following proportions and enumerations are based on a specimen 125 mm. 

 long: Head 3.2; depth 3.15; pectoral 3.4; ventral to tip of longest filament 3.6. 

 Eye in head 3.8; snout 4.15; interorbital 4.6; maxillary 2.25; caudal peduncle 2.5. 

 D. X,i4; A. 111,8; P. 18; V. 1,5; scales 6-47-16, seven oblique rows on cheek, two 

 complete rows between lateral line and middle of dorsal base, and four at base 

 of the last dorsal ray; gill rakers on lower limb of the first arch 28; branchi- 

 ostegals 6. 



Gulf of Mexico off coast of Florida. S. F. H. 



Pronotogrammus aureorubens Longley 



Pronotogrammus aureorubens Longley, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Year Book No. 34, 1935, 

 p. 87 — Tortugas, Florida. Longley and Hildebrand, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Pub. 517, 1940, 

 p. 242, fig. 10. 



