1941 CATALOGUE OF FISHES OF TORTUGAS g 



Harengula maculosa Cuvier and Valenciennes 



Harengula maculosa Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. nat. poiss., vol. 20, 1847, p. 292 — 

 Martinique. Longley, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Year Book No. 31, 1932, p. 299. 



Alosa apicalis Muller and Troschel, in Schomburgk, Hist. Barbados, 1848, p. 675 — Bar- 

 bados. 



Harengula sardina Poey, Memorias, vol. 2, i860, p. 310 — Cuba. 



Harengula jaguana Poey, Repertorio, vol. 1, 1865, p. 189 — Bahia de Jagua, Cuba. 



Harengula callolepis Goode and Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 2, 1879, p. 152 — Ber- 

 muda. 



Sardinella macrophthalmus Jordan and Evermann (part not of Ranzani), Bull. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., No. 47, pt. 1, 1896, p. 430. Evermann and Marsh, Bull. U. S. Fish Coram., vol. 20, 

 pt. 1, 1900 (1902), p. 85. Metzelaar, Trop. atl. Vissch., 1919, p. 12. 



Sardinella apicalis Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 47, pt. 1, 1896, p. 429. 



Sardinella sardina Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 47, pt. 1, 1896, p. 430. 

 Metzelaar, Trop. atl. Vissch., 1919, p. n. Meek and Hildebrand, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 

 Zool. Ser., vol. 15, pt. 1, 1923, p. 183. Beebe and Tee- Van, Zoologica, vol. 10, 1928, p. 40 

 (figure apparently based on Harengula macrophthalma [Ranzani]). 



Harengula macrophthalmus Beebe and Tee- Van (not of Ranzani), Zoologica, vol. 13, 

 1933, p. 136 — Bermuda. 



Ranzani's name macrophthalma led to misunderstanding, because of the sub- 

 sequent discovery of Harengula maculosa, a form with a still larger eye. Cuvier 

 and Valenciennes' maculosa has often been registered incorrectly as macroph- 

 thalma. 



The type of H. maculosa is not now to be found in Paris, but its 27 ventral 

 scutes, scales with 8 or 9 vertical striae, large eye, and the color markings to 

 which it owes its name identify it. The types or cotypes of other species in 

 synonymy above, all of which I have seen, are representative specimens of this 

 one. 



This species may be found in company with H. macrophthalma near shore in 

 late June, nearing a breeding condition. A random sample of such fish consisted 

 of 29 females 167 to 213 mm. long and 7 males 165 to 180 mm. long. The pro- 

 portion of depth to standard length does not differ in the two sexes or within the 

 size ranges represented. Besides large fish, young were taken with the seine at 

 Garden and Long keys, and smaller young about a submerged light at night in 

 the deep holes inside Bird Key reef and in Bird Key harbor. 



Over white sandy bottom the coloring is very delicate above in a pattern of 

 mottled pale grays; tip of the lower jaw black, with orange following; some 

 orange on dorsal surface of eye and behind upper margin of gill opening; a 

 streak of bronze extending on row of scales behind gill opening to base of caudal, 

 with paler streaks running on the two rows of scales next below; dorsal and 

 caudal fins dusky. 



The vertical striae on the scales are more numerous in this species than in 

 H. macrophthalma, there being about 7 on the scales at mid-level on the side 

 below the dorsal fin, and 10 or 11 on those on the sides of the caudal peduncle. 

 In a lot ranging from 165 to 213 mm. in length, the number of striae on the 

 scales from these parts of the body varied little. 



Ranging from Bermuda and southern Florida to South America. W. H. L. 



