1= ;8 PAPERS FROM TORTUGAS LABORATORY vol. xxxiv 



gg. Eye much smaller, about 3.3 to 4.0 in 

 head; pectorals much shorter 

 h. Second anal spine about equal to or 

 shorter than 3d; a single humeral spine 

 ;. Preorbital with 2 spines; scales 

 in lateral series about 55 to 60; 

 axil of pectoral and lower part of 

 side behind base of pectoral with 

 small brown spots or specks . . brasiliensis 

 ii. Preorbital with 3 spines; about 40 

 scales in lateral series; no dark 

 spots in axil of pectoral or on side . . dispar 

 hh. Second anal spine notably longer than 



;. Suborbital keel with 1 spine; 

 coronal spine present; pectoral 

 rays 16 or 17; supraorbital cirrus 

 large or small and occasionally 

 missing; axil of pectoral pale 

 (yellow in life), with small dark 



spots bergii 



jj. Suborbital keel with 2 or 3 spines; 

 coronal spine missing; supraocular 

 cirrus exceedingly long, fringed; 

 pectoral rays 17 or 18; axil of pec- 

 toral gray, with very small bluish 

 spots enclosed in black rings . grandicornis 

 ee. Occipital pit very shallow, or almost missing 



f{. Second preopercular spine reaching only about 

 halfway to margin of opercle; upper part of 

 eye with peculiar club-shaped dermal append- 

 ages, extending down over the cornea, to which 



they adhere inermis 



^. Second preopercular spine very long, extending 

 nearly or quite to margin of opercle; eye with- 

 out dermal structures described in ^ .... calcarata 

 dd. Scales on top of head ctenoid; armature of head mod- 

 erate; no occipital pit 

 /. Suborbital keel smooth, or at most with a single 

 small spine anteriorly; gill rakers slender, 16 more 

 or less developed on lower limb of first arch 



Helicolenus maderensis 

 II. Suborbital keel with 4 well developed spines; gill 

 rakers very short, spiny, 9 more or less developed 



on lower limb of first arch Neomerinthe tortugae 



cc. Pectoral rays all simple; preorbital margin with 2 strong, 

 divergent spines; suborbital keel with 4 spines; 2d anal 

 spine much larger and stronger than 3d; 3d dorsal spine 

 much produced in large specimens Pontinus longispinis 



