vi IN 



Forel, Auguste, Swiss psychologist, 6oi 

 Forskal, Peter, Swedish scientist, ±i6 

 Fourcroy, Antonie Francois de, French chem- 

 ist, 370-371 

 Fracastoro, Girolamo, Italian physician, 546 

 Franke, founder of Halle University, 178 

 Frederick II, emperor and scholar, 79 

 Frederick II, of Prussia, 139 

 Freie Wissenschaft mid freit Lehre, pamphlet by 



Haeckel on education, 52.2. 

 Fresnel, 2.85 



Fries, Elias, Swedish botanist, 439, 440 

 Fries, Jacob Friedrich, German philosopher, 



393 



Froth theory of protoplasm advanced by 



Biitschli, 536, 537 

 Fuchs, Leonard, professor of medicine, 191, 



194 

 Fundamenta hotanka, botanical work by Lin- 



na:us, iio, xii 

 Fiinjzjg Jahre Sta7fim€sgeschkhte, by Haeckel, 



Fur Darwin, paper by F. Miiller, 517 

 Fiirbringer, Max, disciple of Gegenbaur, 503, 



515 



Galapagos Islands, visited by Darwin, 463 

 Galen, Greek physician and biologist, 60-65, 

 69, 71, 76, 83, 91, 98-104, 108-111, 113, 137, 



138. 375 

 Galilei, Galileo, scientist of the Renaissance, 



43, 89-91, 113, 116-118, 12-1, 115, 116, 119, 



130, 141, 151, 151, 154, 181, 113, 175, 373, 



376, 378, 385,443,444, 515 

 Gall, Franz Joseph, German physician and 



scientist, 310-311, 355, 445, 446 

 Galton, Francis, English scientist, 585-587, 



589, 590 

 Galvani, 344 

 Gartner, Karl Friedrich, German scientist, 468, 



584 

 Gas, invention of name, 139 

 Gassendi, Pierre, philosopher, opponent of 



Descartes, 116, 154 

 Gay-Lussac, 449 

 Geber, Arabian alchemist, 70 

 Geer, Charles de, Swedish naturalist, 131 

 Gegenbaur, Carl, German biologist, 359, 469, 



499-505. 511-51^. 5^^' 532-, 541. 613 

 Genera flantarum, by Endlicher, 439 

 Genera flantartwi, by Jussieu, 435 

 Gcnerelk Morphologic der Organismen, by Haeckel , 



417, 444, 511 

 Geography, established as science by von 



Humboldt, 315; vegetable, created by von 



Humboldt, 315 



D E X 



Geology, development of, 453-457 



Geological Evidence on the Antiquity of Man, by 



Lyell, 485 

 Geschichte der biologischen Theorien der Neuzeit, 



by Radl, 498, 610 

 Geschichte der Botanik, by Sachs, 551, 575 

 Geschichte des Materialistnus, by Lange, 450 

 Gesner, zoologist of the Renaissance, 56, 93, 



94> 19^ 

 Giard, Alfred, French biologist, 567 

 Gladstone, in controversy with Huxley, 490 

 Glisson, Francis, professor of medicine, 147, 



148, 149, 156 

 Goebel, Karl Eberhard, German scientist, 577 

 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 117, 193, 115, 

 138, 147, 173, 174, 176, 179-185, 187-193, 

 196, 198, 310, 330, 341, 356, 359, 367, 368, 

 38c^3S4, 387, 393, 441, 494, 501, 511, 511, 

 514, 515, 510, 516, 551, 551, 578 

 Goette, Alexander Wilhelm, German scien- 

 tist, 531 

 Golgi, Camillo, Italian scientist, 539 

 Granule theory of protoplasm, advanced by 



Altmann, 536, 538 

 Grassi, Giovanni Baptista, Italian scientist, 



549 

 Gravitation, discovered, 119 



Gray, Asa, American botanist, 491, 491 



Greece, first to develop natural science, 5, 8; 

 national character of, 8; religion of, 8, 9; 

 educational system of, 9; early scientists of, 

 10-19; natural philosophy of, 11, 13; 

 medical science of, 15, 16 



Grew, Nehemiah, English physician and 

 scientist, 161-164, ^97> ^°°' ^^4' 39° 



Grisebach, August Heinrich, German scien- 

 tist, 561 



Grundriss der Physiologic, text-book by 

 Rudolphi, 354 



Grinid'zuge der wissenschajtlichen Botanik, text- 

 book by Schleiden, 393 



Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich, German biologist, 

 life of, 505-508; works of, 508-510, 511, 

 515,519; philosophy of, 511; morphology 

 of, 5 11; mechanical interpretation of nature, 

 513; biogcnetical principle of, 516-519; 

 references to, 117, 131, 185, 318, 319, 330, 



358. 359. 393. 399. 403. 413. 417. 444-447, 

 469, 473, 491, 499, 500, 511 513-52.6, 519, 



531-534. 542-, 544, 551-554. 562., 564. 566, 



568, 570, 571, 573, 578, 579, 598, 599, 603, 



608, 613, 616 

 Hcemastaticks, scientific treatise by Hales, 154 

 Hales, Stephen, English botanist, 119, 151- 



2-54. 2-65, 370 



