IN 



Selektioiuprinz.ip und Probhnie der Artbildung, 



by Plate, 572. 

 Semon, Richard, German biologist, 570 

 Semper, Karl, German biologist and explorer, 



560 

 Seneca, Roman philosopher, 107 

 Serology, modern development of, 597 

 Server y Reves, Miguel, 109-112. 

 Servetus, Michael, see Server y Reves 

 Severino, Marc' Aurelio, Italian anatomist, 



106, 107 

 Sexual selection theory of Darwin's, 474 

 Sexuality of plants, 197, 198 

 Shaksjxre, 602. 

 Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von, German 



biologist, 417-42.1, 42-1, 419 

 Smith, William, English palaeontologist, 454, 



455 

 Socrates, Athenian philosopher, 31, 169 



Solander, Daniel, pupil of Linnarus, 117 



Sommerring.SamuelThomas, German scientist, 



309, 310, 353 

 Sophist school of philosophy, 2.3, 30 

 Spallanzani, Lazzaro, Italian biologist, 2.47- 



X48, 370, 376, 42.Z, 4i6, 430 

 Species, present ideas of, 613-616 

 Speculum natura, mediaeval nature treatise, 80 

 Spcmann, Hans, German scientist, 581 

 Spencer, Herbert, English philosopher, 459, 



49^-497, 511. 566, 607 

 Spener, founder of Halle University, 178 

 Spicilegia xoologka, monographs by Pallas, i£x 

 Spinoza, Baruch, Dutch philosopher, 12.6, 117, 



142., 156, 174, 184, 2.73-2.75> 2.79. 5M, 52-6 

 Spiritualism, in the i8th century, 2.68, 169 

 Spontaneous generation theory, 430-435 

 Sporozoa, discovery of, 549 

 Sprengel, Christian Conrad, German botanist, 



2.56, 157, 2.69, 475 

 Spurzheim, 311 

 Stahl, Georg Ernst, German scientist, 178- 



183, 185, 186, io6, 107, 147, 2.50, z6z, 2.69, 



304, 308, 313, 317, 344, 345, 347, 349, 354, 



385, 41L, 444, 603, 611 

 Stannius, Friedrich Hermann, German bi- 

 ologist, 417, 418 

 Steensen, Nils, see Steno, Nicolaus 

 Steenstrup, Johannes Japetus Smith, Danish 



biologist, 418, 419, 42.0, 413 

 StefFens, Henrik, Norwegian philosopher, 2.91 

 Stein, Friedrich, Austrian scientist, 42.9 

 Steinach, Eugen, Austrian biologist, 597 

 Stelluti, Francisco, Italian biologist, 159 

 Steno, Nicolaus, Danish philosopher, 144, 



155-158, 167, 168, 2.2.3, 302-, 453 

 Stobxus, professor of medicine, 103 



D E X xiu 



Strasburger, Eduard, German cytologist, 534, 



535. 543 



Strato, Athenian philosopher, 45 



Strauss, D. F., German scholar, 447 



Strindberg, 475 



Studien xur Bldttertheorie, by the brothers Hert- 

 wig, 519 



Studnicka, 541 



Surgery, origin of, 4; contributions of Byzan- 

 tine Empire to, 75; advancement by Fa- 

 brizio, 105 



Sutton, W. S., American scientist, 544 



Swammerdam, Jan, Dutch scientist, 149, 167- 

 171, 2.30, 131, 2.33, 151, 309, 430 



Swedberg, Jesper, bishop, 186 



Swedenborg, Emmanuel, religious founder and 

 scientist, ii, iii, 149, 150, 161, 186-189, 

 2.13, 2.37, 169, X70, 2.79, ^89, 310, 311, 373, 

 410,451 



Sydenham, Thomas, English physician, 175, 

 176, 184, 191 



Sylvius, Jacob, medical student of the Renais- 

 sance, 99 



System der Medusen, Das, by Haeckel, 510 



System der vergleichenden Anatomie, by Meckel, 



356 

 System of Logic, by J. S. Mill, 447 

 System of Synthetic Philosophy, by Spencer, 493 

 Systema natura, biological work by Linnaeus, 



104, 2.06, 107, zio, Z13, 331 

 Systhne de la Nature, by Hoi bach, 2.68 

 Sy Sterne d' Epicure, by La Mettrie, 140 



Tabula sceleti et musculorum corporis humani, 



anatomical work by Albinus, 2.58 

 Thales of Miletus, early Greek natural 



philosopher, 10, 11 

 Theophrastus, Athenian philosopher and 



disciple of Aristotle, 45, 191, 196 

 Theoria generationis, treatise by Wolff, 2.49 

 Theoria medica vera, biological work by Stahl, 



180 

 Theorie de la terre, essay by Buffon, 113 

 Theorie elementaire de la botanique, by de Can- 



dolle, 437 

 Theory of the Earth, by Hutton, 454 

 Thevenot, friend of Swammerdam, 167, 168 

 Thomas Cantimpratensis, mediaeval scholar 



and naturalist, 80 

 Thunberg, Karl Peter, pupil of Linnxus, Z17 

 Timaus, dialogue by Plato, 31, 33 

 Totemism, 4 

 Tournefort, Joseph Pitton de, botanist, 195- 



197, 108, iio, 113, ill, 435, 436 

 Tower, 569, 615 

 Toxins, discovery of, 597 



